Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 4SCQ
Suppose the U.S. Congress cuts federal government spending in order to balance the Federal budget. Use the AD/AS model to analyze the likely impact on output and employment. Hint revisit Figure 25.6.
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Beginning in March 2013, federal government spending was resstrained due to the sequester (feel free to Google details). Moreover, then President Obama’s budget proposals called for cuts in various types of government spending over the next ten years. Use the AD-AS model (along with a labor market graph) to show and explain how this will affect Y, N, W/P, and P over time. As an aside, recent news reports have suggested that the possibility of a renewed use of the sequester is part of the current political maneuvering over the federal budget for the fiscal year that starts October 1st.
Using an AD/AS diagram (starting from long-run/full employment equilibrium), graphically show and
verbally describe how each of the following events would affect the U.S. economy's equilibrium real GDP and price level.
a. Discovery and implementation of new technology
b. Mexico's economic growth increases faster than ours
c. There is a general increase in the price of raw
materials
e. The cost of labor (wages) rises
g. The price of oil is expected to fall
d. The number of workers in the labor force decreases
due to pandemic retirements/death
f. A new Congress decreases government spending
h. Consumer confidence falls
If workers look around and see prices rising more quickly than they had planned for, what is the likely effect on their real wage? And what does that imply for income and employment? Again, use the AD/AS model's chart or equations.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Principles of Economics 2e
Ch. 25 - In the Keynesian framework, which of the following...Ch. 25 - In a Keynesian framework, using an AD/AS diagram,...Ch. 25 - Use the AD/AS model to explain bow an inflationary...Ch. 25 - Suppose the U.S. Congress cuts federal government...Ch. 25 - How would a decrease in energy prices affect the...Ch. 25 - Does Keynesian economics require government to set...Ch. 25 - List three practical problems with the Keynesian...Ch. 25 - Name some economic events not related to...Ch. 25 - Name some government policies that cod cause...Ch. 25 - From a Keynesian point of view, which is more...
Ch. 25 - Why do sticky wages and prices increase the impact...Ch. 25 - Explain what economists mean by menu costs.Ch. 25 - What tradeoff does a Phillips curve show?Ch. 25 - Would you expect to see long-run data trace out a...Ch. 25 - What is the Keynesian prescription for recession?...Ch. 25 - How did the Keynesian perspective address the...Ch. 25 - In its recent report, The Conference Boards Global...Ch. 25 - What may happen if growth in China continues or...Ch. 25 - Does it make sense that wages would be sticky...Ch. 25 - Suppose the economy is operating at potential GDP...Ch. 25 - Do you think the Phillips curve is a useful tool...Ch. 25 - Return to the table from the Economic Report of...Ch. 25 - Explain what types of policies the federal...
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- If new government regulations require firms to use a cleaner technology that is also less efficient than what they previously used, what would the effect be on output, the price level, and employment using the AD/ AS diagram?arrow_forwardReview the problem shown in the Work It Out titled "Interpreting the AD/AS Model." Like the information provided in that feature, Table 24.2 shows information on aggregate supply, aggregate demand, and the price level for the imaginary country of Xurbia. Price Level AD AS 110 700 600 120 690 640 130 680 680 140 670 720 150 660 740 160 650 760 170 640 770 Table24.2 Price Level: AD/AS Plot the AD/AS diagram from the data shown. Identify the equilibrium. Imagine that, as a result of a government tax cut, aggregate demand becomes higher by 50 at every price level. Identify the new equilibrium. How will the new equilibrium alter output? How will it alter the price level? What do you think will happen to employment?arrow_forwardSuppose firms are optimistic about the outlook of the economy and they decide to increase investment. Also suppose that, simultaneously, there is a reduction in business taxes. Use the AD-AS graph to show what happens to the price level and output as a result.arrow_forward
- Beginning in March 2013, federal government spending was resstrained due to the sequester (feel free to Google details). Moreover, then President Obama’s budget proposals called for cuts in various types of government spending over the next ten years. Use the AD-AS model (along with a labor market graph) to show and explain how this will affect Y, N, W/P, and P over time.arrow_forwardIn 2014, China’s economy slowed significantly causing a decrease in demand for US exports. Use the AD/AS model to explain the likely short run impacts on US GDP and the aggregate price level. What do you anticipate will happen to US consumption expenditure and US employment? Please explain your reasoning for each of your predictions and show graphically as appropriate.arrow_forwardCNBC on Jan 26, 2022 reports, "Federal Reserve points to interest rate hike coming in March". Graphically show (in one graph) the short- and long-term impact of this using the AD-AS model.arrow_forward
- Some politicians have suggested tying the minimum wage to the consumer price index (CPI). Using the AD/AS diagram, what effects would this policy most likely have on output, the price level, and employment?arrow_forwardIs ‘zero unemployment’ desirable? Explain Define the three ranges of the aggregate supply curve in the AD/AS framework.arrow_forwardGraphically derive and explain the AD curve.arrow_forward
- Use the AD - AS model in the figure below to answer the following questions. Suppose the economy is currently experiencing an inflationary gap, without any government policy intervention, the economy would move from ◻ a) C to D b) B to A c) C to B d) A to E e) E to Aarrow_forwardHow is the natural rate of unemployment illustrated in an AD/AS model?arrow_forwardUse the following scenario for the next two questions. Suppose that the federal government decides to forgive all current (and future) outstanding student loans (estimated to total around $1.6 trillion as of early 2020). When thinking about the AD/AS model, which curve would this shift in the short-run, and in which direction? AD curve, to the left AD curve, to the right OSRAS curve only, to the right OSRAS and AD curves, to the left. OSRAS and LRAS curves, to the leftarrow_forward
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