Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 20, Problem 5MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The ribosomes are an important component of the cells that are crucial for protein synthesis. The translation of the genetic code coding for specific amino acids and synthesis of the proteins occurs with the help of ribosomes. They are either freely suspended in the cytoplasm or are found attaches to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. Bacterial ribosomes are of the 70s (S stands for Svedberg’s unit) type. They are made up of 2 subunits. A smaller subunit 30s and a larger subunit 50s.
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Ribon enzymes are:
a) catalysts for RNA splicing
b)ribosomes which catalyze reactions
c) the most common form of enzymes in cells
d) unique to eukaryotes
e) unique to prokaryotes
16) Bacterial DNA replication is said to be: a) Linear b) curvilinear c) circular d) exponential e) hyperbolic
17) Cytokinesis in bacteria takes place through a process called: a) Cleavage b) septation c) cell plate formation d) molting e) cytolysis
19) If patients are allergic to penicillin, then you prescribe __ as an alternative: a) Tetracycline b) Cephalosporin c) Erythromycin d) Sulfonamides e) Fluoroquinolones
62) If you want to inhibit protein synthesis on the transcriptional level you would use: a) Tetracyclin b)
Vancomycin c) Macrolides d) Fluroquinolones e) a & c
63) The protein that prevents the formation of off-centered septation in bacteria is: a) FtsZ b) MreB c)
MinCD d) Tubulin e) Septin
64) The autoclave pressure must reach at least ________ in order to effectively kill the bacterial spores:
a)15 psi b) 15 Joules c) 15 Kilograms d) 15 Lbs e) 15 Kilocalories
65) Incineration is a type of ______ method in controlling bacterial growth: a) moist heat b) dry heat
c) chemical d) chemotherapeutic e) genetic.
Chapter 20 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 20 - Describe the difference between the terms...Ch. 20 -
2. Define therapeutic index and explain its...Ch. 20 -
3. Explain how penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)...Ch. 20 - Name three classes of antimicrobial medications...Ch. 20 - Explain the roles of the first-line drugs versus...Ch. 20 -
6. Compare and contrast the method for...Ch. 20 - Name three targets that can be altered...Ch. 20 - What is MRSA? Why is it significant?Ch. 20 - Prob. 9SACh. 20 -
10. Explain the difference between the mechanism...
Ch. 20 - Which of the following targets would you expect to...Ch. 20 -
2. Penicillin has been modified to make...Ch. 20 -
3. Which of the following is the target of...Ch. 20 -
4. Which of the following statements is false?
a)...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5MCCh. 20 - Prob. 6MCCh. 20 - Prob. 7MCCh. 20 - Prob. 8MCCh. 20 - Prob. 9MCCh. 20 - Prob. 10MCCh. 20 - Prob. 1ACh. 20 - Prob. 2ACh. 20 - Prob. 1CTCh. 20 - Prob. 2CT
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- 38) The following treatment(s) control bacterial growth by damaging the DNA structure of bacteria: a) Fluroquinolones b) UV light c) Radiation d) Rifamycin e) b & c39) The following treatment(s) stops transcription: a) Fluroquinolones b) UV light c) Radiation d) Rifamycin e) a & b40) Bacteria that grow optimally between the pH 5.5 – 8 are called: a) Acidophiles b) Neutrophiles c) Alkaliphiles d) Hydrophiles e) Nabilophiles41) All the following methods are physical ways for controlling bacterial growth except: a) chemotherapy b) Moist heat c) dry heat d) radiation e) low temperatures.42) Setting the autoclave time at the prescribed temperatures depending of what material you are autoclaving is called: a) D-Value b) Z-Value c) F-Value d) Autoclave Coefficient e) TValue43) A treatment that kills or removes all living cells, including viruses and spores, from a substance or objects is called: a) antiseptic b) sanitization c) disinfection d) chemotherapeutic e) sterilizatioarrow_forward8. The enzyme known as beta-lactamase acts on: A) lactose B) ampicillin C) X-Gal D) IPTG 9. Which of the following two enzymes is secreted from E. coli cells into the surrounding environment? A) beta-galactosidase B) beta-lactamase 10. Which of the following is correct? A) lacZ encodes beta-lactamase and amp' encodes beta-galactosidase B) lacZ encodes beta-galactosidase and amp" encodes beta-lactamase 11. Can E. coli cells transformed with pGal grow on media containing ampicillin? А) yes В) no 12. Colonies of E. coli cells transformed with pGal will be which color on agar plates containing X-Gal? A) white B) blue C) colorless 13. What is the phenotype of blue E. coli colonies? A) Lac- B) Lac+ C) Amps D) Amp 14. "Satellite" colonies are best described as: A) small colonies growing in a zone where there is no ampicillin B) small colonies which move around a larger ampicillin-resistant colony 15. After transformation of the initial E. coli strain with pGal, any satellite colonies which…arrow_forward6. a) Some phages infecting bacteria possess the enzyme that breaks the bacterial cell wall, allowing the viral nucleic acid to enter. A) lysozyme B) peptidoglycanase C) infectase D) holinarrow_forward
- The commonly prescribed antibiotic Clindamycin blocks the peptide bond formation between amino acids during protein synthesis. This would happen during A) transformation. B) translation. C) transcription. D) replication. E) mitosis.arrow_forwardGrisofulvin is an antifungal agent that affects: select the correct answer. a) the chitin cell wall structure b) ergosterol in the cell membrane c) the formation of the mitotic spindle in mitosis d) the 50s ribosomal subunit and thus protein synthesis e) mRNA synthesisarrow_forward:) Choose the statement that correctly explains how an antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis can be selective. A) Antibiotics bind to the 70S bacterial ribosomes but not to the 80S eukaryotic und al ribosomes. New Hod B) Eukaryotic cells are impermeable to these antibiotics so the antibiotics cannot enter them. 2) 13) 3) 4) C) Eukaryotic cells inactivate these antibiotics. D) Antibiotics prevent the synthesis of bacterial tRNAs but not eukaryotic tRNAs. Infection occurs when A) a person swallows microbes in/on food B) contaminants are present on the skin C) pathogens enter and multiply in body tissues D) a person inhales microbes in the air E) All of the choices are correct. niopmolds bas onszentr anotostat luniy (8 moitetai neosolong ( moitostai legat (C exoitootmi ovilegon-mang (3 Ampicillin, amoxicillin, mezlocillin, and penicillin G all A) target the cell wall B) have an expanded spectrum of activity C) have resistance to the action of penicillinase server ingrat at egub…arrow_forward
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- 32. The antimetabolites inhibit: a) the ribosome assembly b) the ribosome movement c) cell respiration d) glycolysis e) the Krebs cyclearrow_forwardPattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect all of the following compounds excepta) peptidoglycan. b) glycolysis enzymes.c) lipopolysaccharide. d) flagellin.e) certain nucleotide sequences.arrow_forward16) Bacterial DNA replication is said to be: a) Linear b) curvilinear c) circular d) exponential e) hyperbolic 17) Cytokinesis in bacteria takes place through a process called: a) Cleavage b) septation c) cell plate formation d) molting e) cytolysis 18) The time in minutes at a specific temperature needed to kill a population of cells or spores is called: a) Z value b) K value c) Q10 d) D value e) F value19) If patients are allergic to penicillin, then you prescribe __ as an alternative: a) Tetracycline b) Cephalosporin c) Erythromycin d) Sulfonamides e) Fluoroquinolones 20) Biological control of Salmonella is by using: a) E. Coli (ETEC Strain) b) Shigella c) Bdellovibrio d) Plasmodium e) Spirillumarrow_forward
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