Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 33PQ
To determine
The bulk modulus of Earth’s crust.
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(a) Seismographs measure the arrival times of earthquakes with a precision of 0.100 s. To get the distance to the epicenter of the quake, geologists compare the arrival times of S- and P-waves, which travel at different speeds. If S- and P-waves travel at 4.00 and 7.20 km/s, respectively, in the region considered, how precisely can the distance to the source of the earthquake be determined? (b) Seismic waves from underground detonations of nuclear bombs can be used to locate the test site and detect violations of test bans. Discuss whether your answer to (a) implies a serious limit to such detection. (Note also that the uncertainty is greater if there is an uncertainty in the propagation speeds of the S- and P-waves.)
(a) Seismographs measure the arrival times of earthquakes with a precision of 0.100 s. To get the distance to the epicenter of the quake, they compare the arrival times of S- and P-waves, which travel at different speeds. If S- and P-waves travel at 4.00 and 7.20 km/s, respectively, in the region considered, how precisely can the distance to the source of the earthquake be determined? (b) Seismic waves from underground detonations of nuclear bombs can be used to locate the test site and detect violations of test bans. Discuss whether your answer to (a) implies a serious limit to such detection. (Note also that the uncertainty is greater if there is an uncertainty in the propagation speeds of the S- and P-waves.)
The intensity of an earthquake wave passing through the Earth is measured to be 2.0×106 J/(m2⋅s)J/(m2⋅s) at a distance of 58 kmkm from the sourceAt what rate did energy pass through an area of 5.0 m2m2 at 2.0 kmkm ?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 17.2 - As weve seen before, terms used in physics often...Ch. 17.2 - A graph of a pulses profile and a...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 17.3CECh. 17.5 - Prob. 17.4CECh. 17.5 - The bulk modulus of water is 2.2 109 Pa (Table...Ch. 17.6 - Prob. 17.6CECh. 17 - A dog swims from one end of a pool to the opposite...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2PQCh. 17 - Prob. 3PQCh. 17 - Prob. 4PQ
Ch. 17 - Prob. 5PQCh. 17 - Prob. 6PQCh. 17 - Prob. 7PQCh. 17 - Prob. 8PQCh. 17 - A sinusoidal traveling wave is generated on a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10PQCh. 17 - Prob. 11PQCh. 17 - The equation of a harmonic wave propagating along...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13PQCh. 17 - Prob. 14PQCh. 17 - Prob. 15PQCh. 17 - A harmonic transverse wave function is given by...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17PQCh. 17 - Prob. 18PQCh. 17 - Prob. 19PQCh. 17 - Prob. 20PQCh. 17 - Prob. 21PQCh. 17 - Prob. 22PQCh. 17 - A wave on a string with linear mass density 5.00 ...Ch. 17 - A traveling wave on a thin wire is given by the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 25PQCh. 17 - Prob. 26PQCh. 17 - Prob. 27PQCh. 17 - Prob. 28PQCh. 17 - Prob. 29PQCh. 17 - Prob. 30PQCh. 17 - Prob. 31PQCh. 17 - Problems 32 and 33 are paired. N Seismic waves...Ch. 17 - Prob. 33PQCh. 17 - Prob. 34PQCh. 17 - Prob. 35PQCh. 17 - Prob. 36PQCh. 17 - Prob. 37PQCh. 17 - Prob. 38PQCh. 17 - Prob. 39PQCh. 17 - Prob. 40PQCh. 17 - Prob. 41PQCh. 17 - Prob. 42PQCh. 17 - Prob. 43PQCh. 17 - Prob. 44PQCh. 17 - Prob. 45PQCh. 17 - What is the sound level of a sound wave with...Ch. 17 - Prob. 47PQCh. 17 - The speaker system at an open-air rock concert...Ch. 17 - Prob. 49PQCh. 17 - Prob. 50PQCh. 17 - Prob. 51PQCh. 17 - Prob. 52PQCh. 17 - Prob. 53PQCh. 17 - Using the concept of diffraction, discuss how the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 55PQCh. 17 - Prob. 56PQCh. 17 - An ambulance traveling eastbound at 140.0 km/h...Ch. 17 - Prob. 58PQCh. 17 - Prob. 59PQCh. 17 - Prob. 60PQCh. 17 - Prob. 61PQCh. 17 - In Problem 61, a. Sketch an image of the wave...Ch. 17 - Prob. 63PQCh. 17 - Prob. 64PQCh. 17 - Prob. 65PQCh. 17 - Prob. 66PQCh. 17 - Prob. 67PQCh. 17 - Prob. 68PQCh. 17 - Prob. 69PQCh. 17 - Prob. 70PQCh. 17 - A block of mass m = 5.00 kg is suspended from a...Ch. 17 - A The equation of a harmonic wave propagating...Ch. 17 - Prob. 73PQCh. 17 - Prob. 74PQCh. 17 - Prob. 75PQCh. 17 - Prob. 76PQCh. 17 - A siren emits a sound of frequency 1.44103 Hz when...Ch. 17 - Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes emit a buzz at...Ch. 17 - A careless child accidentally drops a tuning fork...Ch. 17 - Prob. 80PQCh. 17 - A wire with a tapered cross-sectional area is...
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- Sailors use the following function f to estimate the wave height h, in feet, from wind speed w, in miles per hour: h = f(w) = 0.02w2.045 Explain what the answer means in terms of wave height and wind speed Suppose a sailor observes that the wave height is about 11 feet. According to the formula, what would be the speed of the wind?arrow_forwardAn earthquake emits both S-waves and P-waves which travel at different speeds through the Earth. A P-wave travels at 9,000 m/s and an S-wave travels at 5,000m/s. If P-waves are received at a seismic station 1.00 minute before an S-wave arrives, how far away is the earthquake cearrow_forwardQ: Seismographs measure the arrival times ofearthquakes with a precision of 0.100 s. To get the distanceto the epicenter of the quake, geologists compare the arrivaltimes of S- and P-waves, which travel at different speeds. IfS- and P-waves travel at 4.00 and 7.20 km/s, respectively,in the region considered, how precisely can the distance tothe source of the earthquake be determined? Attempted answer: If 'd' is the distance from the geologist monitoring station to the epicenter ('d' is the quantity they want to measure), the first wave (P-wave) arrives in (d km) / (7.20 km/s) = d/7.20 s. Similarly, the second wave (S-wave) arrives in d/4.00 s. Then the measured time difference between the arrival of the 2 wave ('td') is: td = (d/4.00 - d/7.20) s d = 9*(td) Since each arrival time has an uncertainty of 0.100, and td is the difference of the 2 arrival times, td has an uncertainty of 0.200. Since d = 9*(td), 'd' has an uncertainty of 1.8 km. Therefore, the precision in measuring the…arrow_forward
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