Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 32PQ
Problems 32 and 33 are paired.
N Seismic waves travel outward from the epicenter of an earthquake. A single earthquake produces both longitudinal seismic waves known as P waves and transverse waves known as S waves. Both transverse and longitudinal waves can travel through solids such as rock. Longitudinal waves can travel through fluids, whereas transverse waves can only be sustained near the surface of a fluid, not inside the fluid. When seismic waves encounter a fluid medium such as the liquid outer core of the Earth, only the longitudinal P wave can propagate through. Geophysicists can model the interior of the Earth by knowing where and when S and P waves were detected by seismographs after an earthquake (Fig. P17.32). Assume the average speed of an S wave through the Earth’s mantle is 5.4 km/s and the average speed of a P wave is 9.3 km/s. After an earthquake, a seismograph finds that the P wave arrives 1.5 min before the S wave. How far is the epicenter from the detector?
FIGURE P17.32
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
a. A hall of (3400 +R) m³ having a seating capacity of 700. From the following data calculate the
reverberation time when it is a full of audience, Consider the absorption of each member of the
audience as 0.45 Sabine and neglect the effect of absorption by the performers and their instruments.
R=30
Material (Surface)
Area (m²)
Abs. coefficients
Plaster Celling
500+R
0.02
Plaster Walls
650+R
0.03
Wooden ( floor, doors)
450+R
0.06
Seats (cushion, cane)
500+R
0.01
Sabine / seat)
A girl is playing a trumpet. The sound waves produced are traveling through air to your ear. Which one of the following statements is
false concerning this situation?
O The sound travels at the speed of light to your ear.
O The loudness of the sound wave involves the size of the oscillations in air pressure.
O A high-frequency sound that the trumpet produces is interpreted as a high-pitched sound.
O Air molecules between the trumpet and your ear vibrate back and forth parallel to the direction the waves are traveling.
O The sounds from the trumpet are longitudinal waves.
Consider a sound wave in air that has displacement amplitude
2.40X10-² mm.
For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video
Tutor Solution of Amplitude of a sound wave in air.
Part A
Calculate the pressure amplitude for frequencies of 158 Hz . Take the bulk modulus of the air to be 1.42 × 105 Pa and the speed of sound to be 344 m/s
Express your answer in pascals.
pmaz = |98.30
Part B
Submit Previous Answers Request Answer
Be
x Incorrect; Try Again; 4 attempts remaining
pmaz = |983
Calculate the pressure amplitude for frequencies of 1580 Hz. Take the bulk modulus of the air to be 1.42 × 105 Pa and the speed of sound to be 344 m/s.
Express your answer in pascals.
Part C
?
Be
pmax = |9830
Pa
Submit Previous Answers Request Answer
(3 ?
x Incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining
Re
6
Calculate the pressure amplitude for frequencies of 1.58x104 Hz . Take the bulk modulus of the air to be 1.42 × 105 Pa
Express your answer in pascals.
Pa
#3 ?
Pa
Submit Previous…
Chapter 17 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 17.2 - As weve seen before, terms used in physics often...Ch. 17.2 - A graph of a pulses profile and a...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 17.3CECh. 17.5 - Prob. 17.4CECh. 17.5 - The bulk modulus of water is 2.2 109 Pa (Table...Ch. 17.6 - Prob. 17.6CECh. 17 - A dog swims from one end of a pool to the opposite...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2PQCh. 17 - Prob. 3PQCh. 17 - Prob. 4PQ
Ch. 17 - Prob. 5PQCh. 17 - Prob. 6PQCh. 17 - Prob. 7PQCh. 17 - Prob. 8PQCh. 17 - A sinusoidal traveling wave is generated on a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 10PQCh. 17 - Prob. 11PQCh. 17 - The equation of a harmonic wave propagating along...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13PQCh. 17 - Prob. 14PQCh. 17 - Prob. 15PQCh. 17 - A harmonic transverse wave function is given by...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17PQCh. 17 - Prob. 18PQCh. 17 - Prob. 19PQCh. 17 - Prob. 20PQCh. 17 - Prob. 21PQCh. 17 - Prob. 22PQCh. 17 - A wave on a string with linear mass density 5.00 ...Ch. 17 - A traveling wave on a thin wire is given by the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 25PQCh. 17 - Prob. 26PQCh. 17 - Prob. 27PQCh. 17 - Prob. 28PQCh. 17 - Prob. 29PQCh. 17 - Prob. 30PQCh. 17 - Prob. 31PQCh. 17 - Problems 32 and 33 are paired. N Seismic waves...Ch. 17 - Prob. 33PQCh. 17 - Prob. 34PQCh. 17 - Prob. 35PQCh. 17 - Prob. 36PQCh. 17 - Prob. 37PQCh. 17 - Prob. 38PQCh. 17 - Prob. 39PQCh. 17 - Prob. 40PQCh. 17 - Prob. 41PQCh. 17 - Prob. 42PQCh. 17 - Prob. 43PQCh. 17 - Prob. 44PQCh. 17 - Prob. 45PQCh. 17 - What is the sound level of a sound wave with...Ch. 17 - Prob. 47PQCh. 17 - The speaker system at an open-air rock concert...Ch. 17 - Prob. 49PQCh. 17 - Prob. 50PQCh. 17 - Prob. 51PQCh. 17 - Prob. 52PQCh. 17 - Prob. 53PQCh. 17 - Using the concept of diffraction, discuss how the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 55PQCh. 17 - Prob. 56PQCh. 17 - An ambulance traveling eastbound at 140.0 km/h...Ch. 17 - Prob. 58PQCh. 17 - Prob. 59PQCh. 17 - Prob. 60PQCh. 17 - Prob. 61PQCh. 17 - In Problem 61, a. Sketch an image of the wave...Ch. 17 - Prob. 63PQCh. 17 - Prob. 64PQCh. 17 - Prob. 65PQCh. 17 - Prob. 66PQCh. 17 - Prob. 67PQCh. 17 - Prob. 68PQCh. 17 - Prob. 69PQCh. 17 - Prob. 70PQCh. 17 - A block of mass m = 5.00 kg is suspended from a...Ch. 17 - A The equation of a harmonic wave propagating...Ch. 17 - Prob. 73PQCh. 17 - Prob. 74PQCh. 17 - Prob. 75PQCh. 17 - Prob. 76PQCh. 17 - A siren emits a sound of frequency 1.44103 Hz when...Ch. 17 - Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes emit a buzz at...Ch. 17 - A careless child accidentally drops a tuning fork...Ch. 17 - Prob. 80PQCh. 17 - A wire with a tapered cross-sectional area is...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the short story The Pit and the Pendulum by 19th-century American horror writer Edgar Allen Poe, a man is tied to a table directly below a swinging pendulum that is slowly lowered toward him. The bob of the pendulum is a 1-ft steel scythe connected to a 30-ft brass rod. When the man first sees the pendulum, the pivot is roughly 1 ft above the scythe so that a 29-ft length of the brass rod oscillates above the pivot (Fig. P16.39A). The man escapes when the pivot is near the end of the brass rod (Fig. P16.39B). a. Model the pendulum as a particle of mass ms 5 2 kg attached to a rod of mass mr 5 160 kg. Find the pendulums center of mass and rotational inertia around an axis through its center of mass. (Check your answers by finding the center of mass and rotational inertia of just the brass rod.) b. What is the initial period of the pendulum? c. The man saves himself by smearing food on his ropes so that rats chew through them. He does so when he has no more than 12 cycles before the pendulum will make contact with him. How much time does it take the rats to chew through the ropes? FIGURE P16.39arrow_forwardOptical tweezers use light from a laser to move single atoms and molecules around. Suppose the intensity of light from the tweezers is 1.00 103 W/m2, the same as the intensity of sunlight at the surface of the Earth. a. What is the pressure on an atom if light from the tweezers is totally absorbed? b. If this pressure were exerted on a hydrogen atom, what would be its acceleration? Assume the cross-sectional area is 6.65 1029 m2.arrow_forwardA siren emits a sound of frequency 1.44103 Hz when it is stationary with respect to an observer. The siren is moving away from a person and toward a cliff at a speed of 15 m/s. Both the cliff and the observer are at rest. Assume the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s. What is the frequency of the sound that the person will hear a. coming directly from the siren and b. reflected from the cliff?arrow_forward
- (a) How much will a spring that has a force constant of 40.0 N/m be stretched by an object with a mass of 0.500 kg when hung motionless from the spring? (b) Calculate the decrease in gravitational potential energy of the 0.500-kg object when it descends this distance. (c) Part of this gravitational energy goes into the spring. Calculate the energy stored in the spring by this stretch, and compare it with the gravitational potential energy. Explain where the rest of the energy might go.arrow_forward(a) A pendulum that has a period of 3.00000 s and that is located where the acceleration due to gravity is 9.79 m/s2 is moved to a location where the acceleration due to gravity is 9.82 m/s2. What is its new period? (b) Explain why so many digits are needed in the value for the period, based on the relation between the period and the acceleration due to gravity.arrow_forwardA wooden block (m = 0.600 kg) is connected to a spring and undergoes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of oscillation of 0.075 m. The frequency of the motion is 12.50 Hz. a. What is the spring constant? b. What is the maximum speed of the block? c. What is the speed of the block when it is 0.015 m away from the equilibrium position?arrow_forward
- As shown in Figure P14.37, water is pumped into a tall, vertical cylinder at a volume flow rate R. The radius of the cylinder is r, and at the open top of the cylinder a tuning fork is vibrating with a frequency f. As the water rises, what time interval elapses between successive resonances? Figure P14.37 Problems 37 and 38.arrow_forwardYou are hiking along a trail in a wide, dry canyon where the outdoor temperature is T = 26° C. To determine how far you are away from the canyon wall you yell “Hello” and hear the echo t = 2.2 s later. a. Calculate the speed of sound in the valley in meters per second, assuming the speed at 0° C is 330 m/s. b. How far are you from the canyon wall, in meters? c. If you stood at the same point on a cold morning where the temperature was T2 = 1.5 degrees C, how long would it have taken for you to hear the echo, in seconds?arrow_forwardYou are part of a scientific expedition that landed in the planet Martech. The planet has an atmosphere of an unknown gas. In your preparation for the mission you prepared the following table, a resonance tube and a sonic device that can produce three frequencies: 261Hz, 330Hz and 512Hz. You measured the temperature of the gas in the atmosphere and recorded 20 degree Celsius. you need to determine the gas of the atmosphere on the planet Martech. The lengths of the resonance tube were: 0.202m, 0.13m, and 0.256m a) Which length of the resonance tube correspond to the frequency of the sonic device? F1=261 Hz; L1= F2=330 Hz; L2= ;F3=512 Hz; L3= Calculate the speed of sound for the three different frequencies.arrow_forward
- As a wave passes by an offshore piling, the height of the water is modeled by the function h(1) = 3 cos where h(t) is the height in feet above mean sea level at time t seconds. Find the wave height, that is, the vertical distance between the trough and the crest of the wave. crest trougharrow_forwardYour experiments on a particular insulator indicate that at 20°C, the average speed of sound in the insulator is vi = 8500 m/s and its bulk modulus is Bi = 370 GPa. Experimental results from your colleague show that a certain metal alloy has a density of ρm = 6500 kg/m3 and a bulk modulus of Bm = 110 GPa. a. Calculate the density of the insulator ρi in kilograms per cubic meter. b. Calculate the speed of sound vm in the metal alloy in meters per second. c. If the sound traveled as indicated in the structure in figure 1, emerging from the insulator at time ti and the alloy at time tm, determine Δt = tm - ti in seconds. The length of the structure is L = 1.0 m. d. Find the total amount of time t, in seconds, it takes to travel through the structure as indicated in figure 2. The length of the structure is L = 1.0 m.arrow_forwardWhen the heart pumps blood into the aorta, the pressure gradient—the difference between the blood pressure inside the heart and the blood pressure in the artery—is an important diagnostic measurement. A direct measurement of the pressure gradient is difficult, but an indirect determination can be made by inferring the pressure difference from a measurement of velocity. Blood is essentially at rest in the heart; when it leaves and enters the aorta, it speeds up significantly and—according to Bernoulli’s equation—the pressure must decrease. A doctor using 2.5 MHz ultrasound measures a 6000 Hz frequency shift as the ultrasound reflects from blood ejected from the heart.a. What is the speed of the blood in the aorta?b. What is the difference in blood pressure between the insideof the heart and the aorta? Assume that the patient is lying down and that there is no difference in height as the blood moves from the heart into the aorta.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...PhysicsISBN:9780078807213Author:Paul W. ZitzewitzPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
University Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice University
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Student...
Physics
ISBN:9780078807213
Author:Paul W. Zitzewitz
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
University Physics Volume 1
Physics
ISBN:9781938168277
Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax - Rice University
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Wave Speed on a String - Tension Force, Intensity, Power, Amplitude, Frequency - Inverse Square Law; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEzftaDL7fM;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Vibrations of Stretched String; Author: PhysicsPlus;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BgINQpfqJ04;License: Standard Youtube License