True or False: 14- Golgi apparatus present in all the cells. 15-The lysosomes are formed by Endoplasmic reticulum. 16- The primary lysosome is inactive and the Secondary lysosome is active. 17- Important lysosomes hydrolyze the proteins into amino acids. 18- Peroxisomes break down the fatty acids using a process called beta-oxidation: This is the major function of peroxisomes. 19- The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell. 20-Mitosis results in four haploid daughter cells by undergoing one round of DNA replication followed by two divisions. 21- The cell cycle incorporates two principal phases: the interphase, and the M phase (mitosis). 22- The S phase in mitosis division needed about 12.5 to 20 hours in duration. 23-During the G phase, the cell examines its replicated DNA in preparation for cell division. 24- Exocytosis is a Ca2+-dependent process. 25- Phagocytosis means ("cell drinking"). 26- Pinocytosis means ("cell eating "). 27- The energy that causes diffusion is the energy of the normal kinetic motion of matter. 28- Simple diffusion It means that the kinetic movement of molecules or ions occurs through a membrane opening. 29- Facilitated diffusion is called carrier-mediated diffusion. 30- Osmosis is the process of net movement of aions caused by a concentration difference.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
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