Question 17 If a species has 42 pairs of chromosomes, which value represents the number of combinations of maternal and paternal chromosome combinations that will be sorted to the poles? 422 242 221 212 842 Question 18 An unfertilized egg from a Venezuelan gecko has 16 chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of chromatin, which is a collection of histone and . DNA; genome proteins; RNA proteins; DNA RNA; genome Question 19 The DNA sequence 5'–ATCGTACG–3' will pair with which DNA strands?
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
Question 17
If a species has 42 pairs of chromosomes, which value represents the number of combinations of maternal and paternal chromosome combinations that will be sorted to the poles?
422
242
221
212
842
Question 18
An unfertilized egg from a Venezuelan gecko has 16 chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of chromatin, which is a collection of histone and .
DNA; genome
proteins; RNA
proteins; DNA
RNA; genome
Question 19
The DNA sequence 5'–ATCGTACG–3' will pair with which DNA strands?
Question 20
Which of the following is a homologous pair?
two chromosomes with the same alleles in the same sequence
two chromosomes with identical alleles
two chromosomes with the same alleles and different genes
two chromosomes with the same sequence of genes
Question 21
In plants, ____ are produced by meiosis.
flowers
spores
Gametophytes
sporophytes
Question 22
List the following in order from smallest to largest. nucleosome, histone, chromosome,
Question 23
What is the best reason for concluding that this cell is in anaphase II?
crossing over has occurred
sister chromatids are separating
homologous pairs of chromosomes are present
each new cell has two chromosomes
Question 24
Which of the following is part of the interphase of the cell cycle?
S phase
mitosis
cytokinesis
both mitosis and cytokinesis
Question 25
tRNA molecule is “bilingual” because it binds to:
Question 26
What is the end result of a DNA strand with the sequence ATTCGA transcribed and translated?
Question 27
In the “Central Dogma” describing the flow of genetic information from the DNA to protein, DNA is copied to RNA in a process called , and the information in RNA is used to direct the synthesis of a protein in a process called .
Question 28
Which of the following leads to increased genetic diversity?
sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
conjugation
All of the above are correct.
both sexual reproduction and conjugation)
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