2 a) Describe the structure of a glycogen molecule. (you can explain without drawing) b) List the three enzymes involved in glycogen degradation and describe the type of reactions they catalyze c) Fill in the numbered blanks in the figure which is the list the source and fates of glucose-6- phosphate. Glycogen pentose phosphate pathway Glucose Glucose-6-phosphate Riboso-6-phosphate eycolysis Amino acida Lactate Citric acid cycle

Q: During starvation, the glycerol backbone of triacylglycerols can be used to make glucose. What…

A: Gluconeogenesis is the pathway by which glucose is formed from non-hexose precursors such as…

Q: Eicosanoids and endocannabinoids, which are hormone-like substances, are made from which fatty acid?…

A: The objective of the question is to test the understanding of various concepts related to…

Q: 2. A person performs intense exercise (for example, runs away from danger) 30 minutes after a…

A: Glucose is used as the main energy source in the body. Glucose is part of carbohydrates in…

Q: 6. In an experiment, students used liver tissue samples to study the ethanol metabolism and the…

A: The primary source of energy for the body is glucose, which is absorbed from meals in the intestine.…

Q: Name the molecules used for gluconeogenesis. What are the sources of these molecules? Under what…

A: Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic process by which organisms produce sugars (namely glucose) for…

Q: Describe gluconeogenesis starting from lactate. What is its importance?

A: Introduction: The below answer explains the process of gluconeogenesis starting from lactate and its…

Q: What is the net ATP yield for the oxidation of galactose via glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle? O O 30 2…

A: The correct option is: 2

Q: Acetyl COA (ACC) is a critically important molecule in metabolic pathways. This molecule can be used…

A: ACC is the rate limiting enzyme of fatty acid synthesis pathway. ACC catalyzes the conversion of…

Q: The majority of glucose in the cell is in what form? (chair = chair conformation, boat=boat…

A: Glucose is a monosaccharide containing six carbon atoms. It is an example of aldohexose. The…

Q: Define the term glycosphingolipid.

A: Glycolipids contain carbohydrate (either monosaccharide or oligosaccharide) covalently attached to…

Q: Which of these is associated with production of ATP during glycolysis? (Select all that apply) a)…

A: Glycolysis is a pathway which breaks down the glucose (6C) into pyruvate (3C) and generates energy.…

Q: Different control mechanisms are used to regulate the synthesis of glycogen. Match the action on the…

A: Increase in the concentration of inorganic phosphate ions: No effect on glycogen synthesis.Decrease…

Q: Experienced runners know that it is poor practice to ingest very large amounts of glucose/sucrose…

A: After having a meal insulin start acting on the ingested food to regulate the glucose level.

Q: Which reaction is the rate-limiting step in hexose synthesis? fixation of CO2 reduction of…

A: Hexose synthesis occurs via two processes that are Calvin cycle and gluconeogenesis. The given…

Q: Give the complete chemical equation for glycogenesis.

A: Carbohydrates are one of the main sources of energy in the body. Carbohydrates are compounds made up…

Q: Phosphofructokinase catalyzes the conversion of ... O A) oxaloacetate to citrate B) glucose to…

A: The process of breaking down glucose to generate energy is known as glycolysis. It produces two…

Q: ) How many moles of ATP can be gained from the catabolism of the following substrates to pyruvate?…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions with multiple subparts, we will solve the first question for…

Q: What is the effect on gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis of (a) increasing the level of ATP, (b)…

A: Gluconeogenesis is the biochemical pathway in which glucose is produced as the end product. The…

Q: A contributing factor to the development of arthritis is the inappropriate proteolytic destruction…

A: An assay is a biochemical lab procedure to determine the quantity of molecules of interest in a…

Q: Isozymes: d) One way of regulating metabolic pathways is through isozymes. What is an isozyme? e)…

A: All essential metabolic processes taking place within lifeforms are catalyzed by enzymes. Every…

Q: Gluconeogenesis requires how many NTPs (nucleotide triphosphates, i.e. ATP, GTP)? Group of answer…

A: Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic process that involves the synthesis of glucose from molecules that…

Q: Name the anabolic pathway that synthesizes fatty acids.

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the important anabolic pathway in most organisms which involves de novo…

Q: How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in (a) converting 1 mole of glucose to…

A: The ATP is the energy rich phosphate molecule that is utilised during the energy requiring reactions…

Q: Draw the reactions that convert fructose into glycolyticintermediates.

A: Fructose is dietary monosaccharides that were naturally found in fruits , vegetables as free or in…

Q: Indicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) glycogenesis but not…

A: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in muscle and liver.it is composed of…

Q: Describe the structure of glycogen and explain how the structure facilitates glycogen metabolism.

A: Glycogen is a multi-branched glucose polysaccharide used to store energy in plants, fungi, and…

Q: 0) The glycerol phosphate shuttle functions in. A) Lipid catabolism C) Anaerobic glycolysis for the…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solutiononly to the first three…

Q: 10. Glycogen, as the main storage form of glucose, is an important energy reservoir. Describe the…

A: Glycogen is a polysaccharide which is the main form of stored energy in animals, fungi and bacteria.…

Q: Compare and contrast lactose intolerance with galactosemia.(Hint: Make a table.)

A: Galactosemia is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that affects an individual's ability to metabolize…

Q: Please calculate the number of ATP that can be generated from one molecule of the fatty acid shown…

A: Most of the body's fatty acids are oxidized by beta-oxidation. The oxidation of fatty acids on the…

Q: 61. Degradation of glycogen in muscle fails to supply significant amounts of blood glucose because…

A: 61. Degradation of glycogen in muscle fails to supply significant amounts of blood glucose because…

Q: Explain the difference between glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and glycogen synthesis.…

A: The biochemical reactions occurring in the body are highly regulated. The products formed determine…

Q: What enzymes are required for the synthesis of a glycogen particle starting from glucose…

A: Glycogen : It is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage…

Q: What glycolytic intermediate is fructose converted to in the liver, such that it can be utilized in…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway by which the monosaccharide glucose is converted to pyruvate…

Q: Which of the following foods can someone who has lactoseintolerance eat?(a) ice cream(b) french…

A: Lactose intolerance is a condition where an individual cannot fully digest lactose, due to either…

Q: (b) Biotin is a coenzyme required for a key step in gluconeogenesis. (i) To which enzyme is biotin…

A: Glucose is catabolized to form ATP, while the synthesis of glucose by gluconeogenesis requires…

Q: What is the source of the energy needed to incorporate glucose residues into glycogen? How is it…

A: Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in…

Q: Energy is released in the process of lipid degradation. a)Into which form is the fatty acid…

A: Fatty acid degradation is the process of break down the fatty acid molecules in their metabolites…

Q: 8. Hypercholesterolemia is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus in patients with prolonged…

A: Glycation is a post-translational alteration of lysine, arginine, and the N-terminus of proteins…

Q: a.) in human, under what condition will pyruvate be converted to lactate?  what type of reaction…

A: Cellular respiration is a process by which energy in the form of ATP is produced by breaking down…

Q: Choose the correct answer:

A: Glycogen is storage form of glucose. It can be synthesized from glucose by glycogenesis.…

Q: The first step in glycogenolysis (or the catabolism of glycogen) is the formation of: O A)…

A: Glycogenolysis is the process of breaking down of glycogen to glucose. It is a catabolic pathway.

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.