Blood Cancer Research Paper

Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell. They function to help the body fight infections by making antibodies that recognize and attack germs. MM starts when a plasma cell becomes abnormal in the bone marrow and begins to multiple quickly. These abnormal, now cancerous cells accumulate and eventually outnumber the production of healthy cells. Like normal plasma cells, myeloma cells also produce antibodies. However, the body cannot use them. These antibodies are known as monoclonal proteins, or M proteins.3 M proteins can build up in the body and cause problems, such as

An evaluation typically includes a complete blood count (CBC), a visual look at the blood cells placed on a glass

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia signs and symptoms can include swollen lymph nodes that are located in the neck, groin, stomach, and armpits. Also shortness of breath, fatigue, loss of appetite and weight. Other symptoms include fever and infection due to the over production of the no function lymphocytes. It is extremely important to make a doctor's appointment if you are experience any of these symptoms.

The physician can obtain Bone marrow samples through bone marrow aspiration and biopsy checks that are often done simultaneously. The samples are obtained from the pelvic back bone or from the sternum or breastbone. An aspiration and biopsy are used in helping to diagnose leukemia. The process can be repeated to determine if the illness is responding to treatment. Routine examination under a microscope is majorly important to determine what the proportion of cells present in the bone marrow are blasts. A diagnosis of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia generally necessitates that at least thirty or twenty percent of the total cells in the bone marrow are blasts. Normally, blasts are rarely over five percent of bone marrow cells.

Cancer is a name given to many diseases that are similar. In all kinds of cancer, blood cells divide uncontrollably(NCI). Science has had a huge affect on the way cancer is being diagnosed and treated. When doctors start to see symptoms like new moles/skin changes and quick weight gain or loss, they will do a number of tests, to see if you have cancer. Some of the tests include, Lab tests, biopsy, MRI, X-ray, and CT scan, though there are many additional tests. In lab tests, they check and see if the ratio of substances needed for your body are normal, or not. Normally, for these tests they use urine or blood. In a biopsy, a doctor will take a tissue sample and examine it to see if anything looks different. To remove tissue, doctors

A bone marrow biopsy is when bone marrow is taken, normally from the back of the hip bone, and sent to the lab. The bone marrow is examined and the diagnosis is determined by the number and the type of of cells that are present, also the amount of haemopoiesis activity taking place. If there is an excess number of blast cells in the bone marrow, the diagnosis will be confirmed. Once the final diagnosis is made, blood and bone marrow is further examined using special tests. These special tests include Immunophenotyping and cytogenetic, which will help determine the exact type of APL you have and what type of treatment you will need.

Leukemia which is also known as blood cancer is a malignant progressive disease in which the bone marrow and other blood-forming organs produce increased numbers of abnormal leukocytes. There is no known reason of what actually causes the cancer leukemia but they do believe that it involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the common symptoms of leukemia is feeling weak, weight loss, bruising easily and many of other things. There are different types of leukemia the most common types are Acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) , Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , and Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

This particular cancer produces abnormal blood cells in the bone marrow. The abnormal blood cells begins to divide and grow rapidly, ending up crowding out the normal blood cells. Later, it becomes very difficult for the body to fight infection, controlling bleeding, and transport oxygen. Leukaemia cells accumulates very rapidly in the blood and bone marrow. It is detected by bone marrow test, cells and chromosomes analysis and various other tests. It is sometimes caused by exposure to radiation or chemicals that damage the DNA, which is the hereditary material of the cell. Brain tumours are very rare in adults and are most common in childhood leukaemia. (Principle Author- A/Professor David Roder, Head, Centre for Cancer Control Research, January 2003) Book.

Hello I’m Dr. T Lymphocyte and I will be answering your questions on Hodgkin Lymphoma & Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma. Now these types of lymphoma are common blood cancers that involve T cells.

Blood is the most commonly tested lab sample. In order to identifying health problems and diagnose diseases, tests are often performed to determine how its composition compares with normal values. These tests commonly include hematocrit, hemoglobin, red and white blood cell counts, WBC differentials, RBC indexes and so on. In this lab students will measure hematocrit and perform manual and electronic count of red and and white blood cells as well as determine the white blood cells differentials. Hematocrit is used to determine the pack cell volume. White blood cells help fight infections by attacking bacteria, viruses, and germs that invade the body. A WBC count can detect hidden infections and undiagnosed medical conditions. The number of

Cancer is a disease inside a cell. Many different types of cancer are in different types of cells. A cancer cell multiplies out of control. Some cancers are more serious than others. Some can be treated easier than others, especially if it is in an early stage. Cancer can be caused by many things like, drinking excess alcohol. These cancers are tested in many ways, one kind of test is a blood test.

The blood panel that gives information about cells in patients blood such as cell count for each type of cell and the concentration of the proteins and the minerals . cell count of blood for purpose of clinical use was developed in between 1950-60’s. Blood cells are of following types leukocytes (white blood cells) , erythrocytes (red blood cells ) and platelets (thrombocytes ). Increase or decrease in the cell count indicate the presence of some kind of disease .For physical examination the complete blood count (CBC) is done.To evaluate the normal health and to detect the dysfunctions like leukemia , infections and the anemia the blood test is used is referred to as the complete blood count

The CD4 count test can also be used to help confirm a diagnosis of certain types of leukemia.

When these symptoms appear it is actually a little bit late. Screening test is recommended, it is more accurate. Also, medical history and physical exam is needed. Doctors may want to take a complete medical history to check for symptoms and risk factors, including your family history (American cancer society, 2014). For physical exam, doctors will carefully feel your pelvic area for unusual tumor or enlarged organs. Also, they may test your stool to see if it contains occult blood. (American Cancer Society, 2014) Blood test can determine colorectal cancer too. There are few test that doctors might order. One of the test is CBC which is stand for complete blood count, use this to see if you have anemia. Anemia is due to long time bleeding from the tumor. When you take the blood test, you can also test the colorectal cancer cells called tumor makers which can be found in the bloodstream. This blood test usually use for those who were treated for colorectal cancer or who have been already diagnosed with colorectal cancer. (American Cancer Society, 2014) It can help people to know whether the treatment is successful or to warn cancer has

Blood chemistry or blood test is identifying the different levels of chemical ingredients found in the blood. The analysis of these substances provides clues to a patient’s condition and the functioning of the major body systems such as, blood sugar levels, liver functions, essential nutrients etc. This helps doctors in diagnosing the patient’s conditions much easier and quicker.