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Suppose that you have cancer cell line X was treated with drug Y to
increase the expression levels of protein Z which is a tumor
suppressor gene.
Explain How can you study protein Z in these cells? (no need for these qustions)
Explain how can you study protein Z components? (needed)
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- Mutations/deficiencies in protein components of the ECM, CAMS, and cell junctions are involved in the expression of some human diseases. List and describe these pathologies in the table below. An example is given in the fırst row. Name of disease Symptoms Molecular Basis of Disease Severe vitamin C deficiency is caused by ascorbic acids' role in collagen synthesis. Vitamin C allows Anemia, debility, exhaustion, spontaneous hydroxylation and crosslinking of pro-collagen bleeding, pain in the limbs, and especially catalyzed by lysyl hydroxylase. Lack of vitamin C decreases transcription of pro-collagen. Additionally, a lack of ascorbic acid leads to epigenetic DNA hypermethylation and inhibits the transcription of various types of collagen found in skin, blood vessels, the legs, swelling in some parts of the body, and sometimes ulceration of the gums and loss of teeth Scurvy and tissue. 1 2 3 5 4.Indicate (x) if the following statements about synthesis of proteins containing an ER signal sequence are True or False: True False i. Translation is initiated by ribosomes located on the ER membrane The signal recognition particle (SRP) binds a sequence of nonpolar (hydrophobic) amino acids. ii. iii. The ER signal sequence may be cleaved by signal peptidase on the cytoplasmic side of the ER membrane. iv. The part of a transmembrane protein that will ultimately be located outside of the cell is inserted into the lumen of the ER during translation. A stop transfer sequence is a series of polar amino acids that halts translocation of a newly synthesized peptide into the ER lumen.Explain the function(s) of Hsp90. Name two factors which lead to the increase of this protein in cells.
- The PYK gene codes for the expression of pyruvate kinase, which is one of the enzymestargeted for anti-cancer drug design. You have identified an RNAi that targets the mRNAof PYK gene. To study the effect of the RNAi towards pyruvate kinase, the respected RNAiis expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The level of pyruvate kinase can be detectedwith a fluorescent antibody.(a). Predict the result that you will obtain in recombinant S. cerevisiae that expresses therespected RNAi.(b). Compare the result in Q3a(i) with the wild-type S. cerevisiae.Cystic fibrosis is genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. The consequence of this is production of an abnormal transmembrane protein that is responsible for producing sweat, mucus, and digestive fluids. Please mention the process involved in protein production, whether or not those process(s) have occurred, and their end products.Artificially induced apoptosis (controlled cellular death) is found to be an effective treat- ment for some forms of cancer. Which of the following describes the most likely mechanism by which apoptosis might be induced? A B с D by causing ribosomes to increase the rate of protein synthesis by triggering the division of mitochondria in the cell to increase ATP production by increasing the expression of membrane-bound glucose protein channels by causing lysosomes to release digestive enzymes into the cytosol
- Protein mutations that result in a hyperproliferative (sustained proliferative signaling/uncontrolled growth signals) cell phenotype can be classified as a__Expression of the muscle specific protein dystrophin is important in the functional formation of muscle tissue by integrating the internal cytoskeleton through a transmembrane complex with the extracellular matrix. aiding transcription factors in entry into the muscle cells nucleus degrading non-muscle cell proteins. none of theseSuppose that you have cancer cell line X was treated with drug Y toincrease the expression levels of protein Z which is a tumorsuppressor gene.