11. Treatment of disrupted erythrocyte membranes with a concentrated salt solution released an unknownmembrane protein, X. Proteolytic enzymes cleaved X into fragments. In additional experiments, intacterythrocytes were treated with proteolytic enzymes, washed, then disrupted. Extraction of membranecomponents yielded intact X. What do these observations indicate about the location of X in the plasmamembrane? Do the properties of X resemble those of an integral membrane protein or a peripheralmembrane protein?

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Answered: 11. Treatment of disrupted erythrocyte…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter44: The Circulatory System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11TYK

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The following observations are made on an unknownmembrane protein, X. It can be extracted from disrupted erythrocyte membranes into aconcentrated salt solution, and it can be cleaved into fragments by proteolytic enzymes. Treatment of erythrocytes with proteolytic enzymes followed by disruption and extraction of membrane components yields intact X. However, treatment of erythrocyte “ghosts” (which consist of just plasma membranes, produced by disrupting the cells and washing outthe hemoglobin) with proteolytic enzymes, followed by disruption and extraction, yields extensively fragmented X. What do these observations indicate about the location of X in the plasma membrane? Do the properties of X resemble those of an integral or peripheral membrane protein?
In 1925, E. Gorter and F. Grendel used an apparatus like that described in Problem 1 to determine the surface area of a lipid monolayer formed bylipids extracted from erythrocytes of several animal species. They used a microscope to measure the dimensions of individual cells, from which they calculated the average surface area of one erythrocyte. They obtained the data shown in the table below. Were these investigators justified in concluding that “chromocytes [erythrocytes] are covered by a layer of fatty substances that is two molecules thick” (i.e., a lipid bilayer)?
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