Dosage forms

Intranasal formulation of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson 's disease (Khan et al., 2010), Alzheimer 's disease (Zhang et al., 2004) and psychosis (Kumar et al., 2008) have been elaborated and their therapeutic efficiency over conventional oral dosage form has been verified. Rivastigmine tartrate (RV) is the drug of choice for the treatment of Alzheimer 's disease that is characterized by progressive memory dysfunction due to significant insufficient levels of acetylcholine in the brain (Williams

In the present study development of a polymer-based matrix tablet was undertaken to produce a sustained-release dosage form of Acebrophylline, since this dosage forms is relatively simple and cheap to produce when compared to other. Different batches of drug Acebrophylline tablets were manufactured by wet granulation technique, and evaluated for Pharmacopoeial and non-Pharmacopoeial specifications. Dissolution testing was undertaken using USP Apparatus 2 (Paddle Type), which allowed for a more realistic

will release the drug slowly into GIT and continue the constant drug concentration in the serum for a long period of time(4). Fig 1: Physiology of Stomach 1.1. Gastro Retentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS) The retention of oral dosage form in the upper GIT leading prolonged contact time of drug with the GIT mucosa , leading to higher bioavailability and hence therapeutic efficacy , reduced time intervals for drug administration , potentially reduced dose size and thus improved patient

Xyloglucan This polysaccharide is a plant based, obtained from seeds of tamarind. And chemically, it is polysaccharide composed of a chain of (1-4)- -D-glucan having (1-6)- -D xylose units as branches which have partial (1-2)- -D-galactoxylose substitution. Xyloglucan, itself, does not undergo gel formation but dilute solutions partly degraded by galactosidase exhibit gelling properties on heating (temperature dependent gelformation). Besides the use in oral drug delivery, it is also being used

One formulation approach that could be used in order to develop a one-month sustained release formulation of compound 5 as a microbicide would be using intravaginal rings. Intravaginal rings are flexible and torus shaped devices that are placed in the vagina (adjacent to the cervix). A concentration gradient is formed when the device comes into contact with the vaginal lumen and hence the drug is released. The rings are usually made up of silicone or ethylene vinyl acetate. The efficacy is maximized

In comparison to phospholipids, surfactants offer the advantages of being relatively inexpensive and simple to store40. The bilayer structure of niosomes provides the same selective accumulation in tumor tissues, permeability to biological membranes, and controlled release as liposomes41. Niosome formulations typically require cholesterol and other membrane stabilizers to prevent aggregation and leakage of the encapsulated material. In liposome formulations, small quantities of PEG are incorporated

Parenteral Routes of Injections There are many different types of parenteral routes of drug administration. All parts of syringes include a barrel, a plunger, and a tip. The syringes are all calibrated on the outside of the barrel with milliliters, minims, insulin units and heparin units. There are different syringe types: tuberculin, insulin, 3-mililiter, safety-lock and disposable syringes. Medication is measured based on the calibration on the barrel for the dose amount ordered. The parts of the

Time span of usability of Glass Bottles Do glass bottles have a time span of usability? After all glass is delicate, breaks effortlessly and can even a crack can bargain your items. In addition, it is substantial so costs more in transport and storing particularly if dispatches pass by weight. Be that as it may, glass bottles have numerous encouraging points to support them. First and foremost, glass has been around for a considerable length of time, vouching for its unceasing and innate allure

Precondition for the absorption of an orally administered drug is its release from the formulation in dissolved form. When drug is complexed with cyclodextrin, dissolution rate and consequently absorption is enhanced. Reducing the hydrophobicity of drugs by cyclodextrin complexation also improves their percutaneous or rectal absorption. In addition to improving solubility

fast absorbing, less first pass effect, and drug no longer has any effect when spit out. Disadvantages are inconvenient, unpleasant taste, or patient might swallow it. Rectal Route- drug is given directly into the anus comes in solid form(suppositories) or liquid form(enema) used a lot in older patients can have a local or systemic action after it's absorbed Advantages are avoids nausea or vomiting, preferred for irritating drugs, and preferred if patient is unconscious or uncooperative. Disadvantages