Intro Stats, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134210285
Author: Richard D. De Veaux, Paul Velleman, David E. Bock
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter R, Problem 5.9RE
More errors A corporation with a fleet of vehicles wanted to test the cost-effectiveness of using Motor Silk oil additive. For the study, 6100 delivery and passenger vehicles were tested for the same 3-month period in one year and then again in the subsequent year. In the initial year, the fleet was driven without Motor Silk. Then in the second year, Motor Silk was used according to the standard instructions. The average fuel economy increased from 18.97 mpg to 21.72 mpg.
- a) What kind of a study is this?
- b) Will they do a one-tailed or a two-tailed test?
- c) Explain in this context what a Type I error would be.
- d) Explain in this context what a Type II error would be.
- e) Which type of error would the additive manufacturer consider more serious?
- f) If the vehicles with the additive are indeed statistically significantly better, can the company conclude it is an effect of the additive? Can they generalize this result and recommend the additive for all cars? Explain.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The owener of a winery collects data on competing wineries every year. He would like to predict the gross sales (in number of cases) from the size of the wineries (in acres). What is the explanatory variable in this study?
The EPA records data on the fuel economy of many different makes of cars. They are interested in determining if one could predict the mileage of the car (in miles per gallon) from the weight of the car (in pounds). What is the response variable to this study?
In a study, the rate of success of initial vaccination
among 330 subjects receiving the 1:10 dilution of the
vaccinia virus was 97.1%. The investigators wanted to
know if the 97.1% success rate was greater than 95%.
Use a = 0.05.
Chapter R Solutions
Intro Stats, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Ch. R - Bananas Here are the prices (in cents per pound)...Ch. R - Prob. 1.2RECh. R - Singers by parts The boxplots display the heights...Ch. R - Dialysis In a study of dialysis, researchers found...Ch. R - Beanstalks Beanstalk Clubs are social clubs for...Ch. R - Bread Clarksburg Bakery is trying to predict how...Ch. R - State University Public relations staff members at...Ch. R - Shenandoah rain Based on long-term investigation,...Ch. R - Prob. 1.9RECh. R - Streams As part of the course work, a class at an...
Ch. R - Prob. 1.11RECh. R - Prob. 1.12RECh. R - Lets play cards You pick a card from a standard...Ch. R - Accidents Progressive Insurance asked customers...Ch. R - Hard water In an investigation of environmental...Ch. R - Prob. 1.16RECh. R - Seasons Average daily temperatures in January and...Ch. R - Prob. 1.18RECh. R - Prob. 1.19RECh. R - Prob. 1.20RECh. R - Libertys nose Is the Statue of Libertys nose too...Ch. R - Winter Olympics 2010 speed skating The times from...Ch. R - Sample A study in South Africa focusing on the...Ch. R - Sluggers Babe Ruth was the first great slugger in...Ch. R - Prob. 1.25RECh. R - Music and memory Is it a good idea to listen to...Ch. R - Mail Here are the number of pieces of mail...Ch. R - Birth order Is your birth order related to your...Ch. R - Herbal medicine Researchers for the Herbal...Ch. R - Birth order revisited Consider again the data on...Ch. R - Engines One measure of the size of an automobile...Ch. R - Engines, again Horsepower is another measure...Ch. R - Prob. 1.33RECh. R - Prob. 1.34RECh. R - Age and party 2011 II Consider again the Pew...Ch. R - Prob. 1.36RECh. R - Prob. 1.37RECh. R - Global500 2014 Here is a stem-and-leaf display...Ch. R - Hopkins Forest investigation The Hopkins Forest...Ch. R - Prob. 1.42RECh. R - Prob. 1.43RECh. R - Prob. 1.44RECh. R - Matching Here are several scatterplots. The...Ch. R - Prob. 2.2RECh. R - Prob. 2.3RECh. R - Vineyards again Instead of Age, perhaps the Size...Ch. R - Prob. 2.5RECh. R - Prob. 2.6RECh. R - Prob. 2.7RECh. R - Prob. 2.8RECh. R - Prob. 2.9RECh. R - Prob. 2.10RECh. R - Prob. 2.11RECh. R - Prob. 2.12RECh. R - Traffic Highway planners investigated the...Ch. R - Prob. 2.14RECh. R - Cars, correlations What factor most explains...Ch. R - Cars, associations Look again at the correlation...Ch. R - Cars, horsepower Can we predict the Horsepower of...Ch. R - Prob. 2.18RECh. R - Prob. 2.19RECh. R - Prob. 2.20RECh. R - Prob. 2.21RECh. R - Prob. 2.22RECh. R - How old is that tree? One can determine how old a...Ch. R - Prob. 2.24RECh. R - Prob. 2.25RECh. R - Smoking and pregnancy 2011 The Child Trends Data...Ch. R - Prob. 2.27RECh. R - Prob. 2.28RECh. R - Prob. 2.29RECh. R - Correlations The study of U.S. cities in Exercise...Ch. R - Prob. 2.31RECh. R - Depression The September 1998 issue of the...Ch. R - Prob. 2.33RECh. R - Modeling jumps 2016 Here are the summary...Ch. R - French Consider the association between a students...Ch. R - Prob. 2.36RECh. R - Prob. 2.37RECh. R - Gasoline Since clean-air regulations have dictated...Ch. R - Prob. 2.39RECh. R - Prob. 2.40RECh. R - Prob. 2.41RECh. R - Prob. 2.42RECh. R - Prob. 2.43RECh. R - Prob. 2.44RECh. R - Prob. 2.45RECh. R - Prob. 2.46RECh. R - Prob. 2.47RECh. R - Prob. 2.48RECh. R - Prob. 2.49RECh. R - Prob. 2.50RECh. R - Penguins again In Chapter 8 we learned about the...Ch. R - Prob. 2.52RECh. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - Prob. 3.3RECh. R - Prob. 3.4RECh. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - Prob. 3.6RECh. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - Prob. 3.11RECh. R - An artisan wants to create pottery that has the...Ch. R - Prob. 3.13RECh. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - R3.1R3.18. What design? Analyze the design of each...Ch. R - Prob. 3.19RECh. R - Prob. 3.20RECh. R - Alternate day fasting A paper published in 2017 in...Ch. R - Cell phone risks Researchers at the Washington...Ch. R - Prob. 3.23RECh. R - Prob. 3.24RECh. R - Prob. 3.25RECh. R - How long is 30 seconds? Sofie, Ryan, and...Ch. R - Cookies Mary Beth, Nigel, and Molly want to design...Ch. R - Homecoming A college statistics class conducted a...Ch. R - Youthful appearance Readers Digest (April 2002, p....Ch. R - Smoking and Alzheimers Medical studies indicate...Ch. R - Prob. 3.32RECh. R - Sex and violence Does the content of a television...Ch. R - Pubs In England, a Leeds University researcher...Ch. R - Age and party 2008 The Pew Research Center...Ch. R - Bias? Political analyst Michael Barone has written...Ch. R - Prob. 3.37RECh. R - Acupuncture Research reported in 2008 brings to...Ch. R - Fuel efficiency Wayne Collier designed an...Ch. R - Security There are 20 first-class passengers and...Ch. R - Internet speed Carsten, Matt, and Rainer designed...Ch. R - Prob. 4.1RECh. R - Prob. 4.2RECh. R - Emergency switch Safety engineers must determine...Ch. R - Prob. 4.4RECh. R - Prob. 4.5RECh. R - Prob. 4.6RECh. R - Babies The National Perinatal Statistics Unit of...Ch. R - Archery A champion archer can generally hit the...Ch. R - Color-blind Medical literature says that about 8%...Ch. R - Hamsters How large are hamster litters? Among 47...Ch. R - Prob. 4.11RECh. R - Polling 2016 The 2016 U.S. presidential election...Ch. R - Fake news In a survey of 1002 U.S. adults in...Ch. R - Scrabble Using a computer to play many simulated...Ch. R - Prob. 4.15RECh. R - Prob. 4.16RECh. R - Prob. 4.17RECh. R - Prob. 4.18RECh. R - Prob. 4.19RECh. R - Prob. 4.20RECh. R - Prob. 4.21RECh. R - Prob. 4.22RECh. R - Prob. 4.23RECh. R - Prob. 4.24RECh. R - Largemouth bass Organizers of a fishing tournament...Ch. R - Prob. 4.26RECh. R - Language Neurological research has shown that in...Ch. R - Prob. 4.28RECh. R - Teen smoking 2015 The Centers for Disease Control...Ch. R - Prob. 4.30RECh. R - Prob. 4.31RECh. R - Prob. 4.32RECh. R - Pregnant? Suppose that 70% of the women who...Ch. R - Safety Observers in Texas watched children at play...Ch. R - Prob. 4.35RECh. R - Prob. 4.36RECh. R - Prob. 4.37RECh. R - Grade inflation In 1996, 20% of all students at a...Ch. R - Prob. 4.39RECh. R - Prob. 4.40RECh. R - Prob. 4.41RECh. R - Prob. 4.42RECh. R - Prob. 4.43RECh. R - Prob. 4.44RECh. R - Prob. 4.45RECh. R - Prob. 4.46RECh. R - Streams Researchers in the Adirondack Mountains...Ch. R - Skin cancer In February 2012, MedPage Today...Ch. R - Bread Clarksburg Bakery is trying to predict how...Ch. R - Prob. 4.50RECh. R - Prob. 4.51RECh. R - Batteries We work for the Watchdog for the...Ch. R - Prob. 4.53RECh. R - Prob. 4.54RECh. R - Prob. 5.1RECh. R - Prob. 5.2RECh. R - Prob. 5.3RECh. R - Prob. 5.4RECh. R - Prob. 5.5RECh. R - Prob. 5.6RECh. R - Eclampsia deaths Refer again to the research...Ch. R - Prob. 5.8RECh. R - More errors A corporation with a fleet of vehicles...Ch. R - Preemies Among 242 Cleveland-area children born...Ch. R - Crawling A study found that babies born at...Ch. R - Mazes and smells Can pleasant smells improve...Ch. R - Pottery Archaeologists can use the chemical...Ch. R - Grant writing Does race matter when applying for...Ch. R - Feeding fish In the midwestern United States, a...Ch. R - Age In a study of how depression may affect ones...Ch. R - Prob. 5.18RECh. R - Eating disorders A study conducted in the...Ch. R - Cesareans Some people fear that differences in...Ch. R - Prob. 5.21RECh. R - Teach for America, part II The study described in...Ch. R - Prob. 5.25RECh. R - Genetics Two human traits controlled by a single...Ch. R - Prob. 5.29RECh. R - Hard water In an investigation of environmental...Ch. R - Prob. 5.31RECh. R - Prob. 5.32RECh. R - Prob. 5.33RECh. R - AP statistics scores 2016 In 2016, about 200,000...Ch. R - Prob. 5.35RECh. R - Prob. 5.36RECh. R - Prob. 5.37RECh. R - Age and party 2016 The Pew Research Center...Ch. R - Eye and hair color A survey of 1021 school-age...Ch. R - Prob. 5.40RECh. R - Prob. 5.41RECh. R - Prob. 5.42RECh. R - Prob. 5.43RECh. R - Prob. 5.44RECh. R - Prob. 5.45RECh. R - Learning math Developers of a new math curriculum...Ch. R - Prob. 5.47RECh. R - Dairy sales Peninsula Creameries sells both...Ch. R - Diet Thirteen overweight women volunteered for a...Ch. R - Cramming Students in two basic Spanish classes...Ch. R - Prob. 5.51RECh. R - Newspapers Who reads the newspaper more, men or...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Find the mean hourly cost when the cell phone described above is used for 240 minutes.arrow_forwardwhether cross-sectional, retrospective, or prospective is used. Rats with cancer are divided into two groups. One group receives 5 mg f mediation that is thought to fight cancer, and the other receives 10 mg. After 2 years, the spread of the cancer is measured.arrow_forwardA researcher working at Hershey's is interested in comparing two new chocolate bars: Chocolate Bar A versus Chocolate Bar B. The researcher expects the bars to be different in how much customers will eat per month. The researcher believes the more candy bars someone eats will indicate which one tastes the best. An experiment is designed to compare the two new bars. The number of candy bars eaten by one group of 8 people in a month is measured with Candy Bar A and then the number of candy bars eaten in the same month by another group of 8 participants is measured with Candy Bar B. Use the data below to determine if there is a difference in the consumption of the two candy bars. Candy Bar A Candy Bar B Number of Candy Bars eaten within a month 10, 30, 5, 35, 60, 3, 20, 30, 28, 27, 26, 27, 17, 25 12, 20 With a = .05, determine the critical value of t* that needs to be employed here. The value of the appropriate of t* is: 2.145 O 1.717 2.064 2.819 2.074 O The correct answer is not listed.arrow_forward
- A researcher working at Hershey's is interested in comparing two new chocolate bars: Chocolate Bar A versus Chocolate Bar B. The researcher expects the bars to be different in how much customers will eat per month. The researcher believes the more candy bars someone eats will indicate which one tastes the best. An experiment is designed to compare the two new bars. The number of candy bars eaten by one group of 8 people in a month is measured with Candy Bar A and then the number of candy bars eaten in the same month by another group of 8 participants is measured with Candy Bar B. Use the data below to determine if there is a difference in the consumption of the two candy bars. Number of Candy Bars eaten within a month. Candy Bar A Candy Bar B 10, 30, 5, 35, 60, 3, 30, 28, 27, 26, 27, 20, 25 17, 12, 20 With a = .05, complete step 4 of the hypothesis testing procedure. What decision should the researcher make regarding "life" satisfaction and gender? The researcher should retain HO and…arrow_forwardArmed with some preliminary results for the recently released new bicycle, Sloan is planning a bigger study about the reception of the new product with 800 customers. Kiloton has a database of customers that purchased their products before. Sloan will randomly choose customers from the database and will ask them to rate the new bicycle on a scale from 1-100 and indicate their intention of buying a bicycle from Kiloton. As the deadline for the report is soon, Sloan wants to understand what kind of response rate she will probably get. From the data available from previous surveys taken over the last 10 years, Sloan determines that, on average, 45 customers reply to the survey per day. Can we use the Normal approximation to estimate the probability that on any given day there will be more than 100 replies? Note that you don't need to estimate the probability. You should provide a justification for whether we can or cannot use the approximation.arrow_forwardAn Ectopic Pregnancy is twice as likely to develop when the pregnant women is a smoker as it is when she's a nonsmoker. If 32 percent of women of childbearing age are smokers, what percentage of women having Ectopic Pregnancy are smokers?arrow_forward
- An ectopic pregnancy is twice as likely to develop when the pregnant woman is a smoker as it is when she is a nonsmoker. If 32 percent of women of child bearing age are smokers, what percentage of women having ectopic pregnancies are smokers?arrow_forwardIn a study at The Ohio State University, 16 student volunteers drank a randomly assigned number of cans of beer. Thirty minutes later, a police officer measured their blood alcohol content (BAC) in grams of alcohol per deciliter of blood. Throughout the United States, the legal BAC limit is 0.08. The students were equally divided between men and women and differed in weight and usual drinking habits. Because of this variation, many students do not believe that the number of ingested drinks predicts BAC well.The data in the given figure consists of: a.2 unpaired sets of values, each of which has 16 values b.32 ordered pairs of values c.16 ordered pairs of valuesarrow_forwardA new cream was developed to reduce the irritation caused by poison ivy. To test the effectiveness, researchers placed an ad online asking for volunteers to participate in the study. One hundred subjects replied and were informed that one group would receive the new cream and the other group would Which of the following accurately describes the benefit of comparison in the experiment? O The overall level of irritation can be compared to see if the new cream had a significant effect. O The level of irritation for both groups can be receive a cream with no active ingredient. All 100 subjects were exposed to poison ivy. Fifty were then randomly assigned to the group with the new cream, and 50 were randomly assigned to the group with the cream with no active ingredient. After three days, the subjects' level of irritation was measured. compared to see if the new cream had a significant effect. O The level of irritation in the treatment group only can be compared to see if the new cream had…arrow_forward
- The quality control engineer at Palmer Industries is interested in estimating the tensile strength of steel wire based on its outside diameter and the amount of molybdenum in the steel. As an experiment, she selected 25 pieces of wire, measured the outside diameters, and determined the molybdenum content. Then she measured the tensile strength of each piece. The results of the first four are recorded in the table. Tensile Strength Outside Diameter Amount of Molybdenum Place (PSI ) Y (mm) X1 (Units) X2 A 11 0.3 6 B 9 0.2 5 C 16 0.4 8 D 12 0.3 7 Using a statistical software package, the QC engineer determined the multiple regression equation to be Y’=-0.5+20X1+1X2. a) Based on the equation, what is the estimated tensile strength of a steel wire having an outside diameter of .35 mm and 6.4 units of molybdenum? b) Interpret the value of b1 in the equation.arrow_forwardA 2009 study shpwed that handling money reduces the perception of pain. Two groups of participants were asked to participate in a manual dexterity study. Half of the participants were given a stack of blank pieces of paper to count and the other half were given money to count. After the counting task, the participants were asked to dip their hands in 122 degree Farenheit water and rate how uncomfortable it was . The following data shows ratings of pain similar to the results obtained in the study. Counting Money Counting Paper 7 9 8 11 10 13 6 10 8 11 5 9 7 15 12 14 5 10 A. based on the sample data, does the treatment, does the treatment have a significant effect? Test with a=.01. ( make sure you have ALL the steps involved in a hypothesis test). B. Calculate Cohens d to estimate the effect size. C. What a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size as it would appear on a research report.arrow_forwardA company that produces cranberries knows that about 7% of its cranberries are bruised in the baggin process. They changed their bagging method, and they were curious if the proportion of cranberries bruised was different. They tested They tested Ho: p = 0.07 versus Ha: p>0.07 where p is the proportion of cranberries bruised. From a random sample of 600 cranberries they found that 60 were bruised. Those results yielded a test statistic of approximately z = 2.88 and a p-value of 0.004. Assume that the conditions for inference were met. Is there sufficient evidence at the a = 0.01 level to conclude that the proportion of cranberries bruised is different than 7% a Yes, because 10% > 7% Yes, because 0.004 7% ОООООarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- College Algebra (MindTap Course List)AlgebraISBN:9781305652231Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff HughesPublisher:Cengage LearningGlencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
Algebra
ISBN:9781305652231
Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff Hughes
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License