Chapter 9.3, Problem 9.56E

a)

To determine

To explain how can design experiment to test the vaccine.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

Number of volunteers = 100

To make an experiment, need to make 2 groups. Then randomly assign 50 in group 1 and 50 in group 2. The volunteers in group 1 will receive no vaccine. The volunteers in group will receive the vaccine. All volunteers are exposed to the virus and we compare the proportion of infected volunteers in the two groups.

b)

To determine

To explain the p-value.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

The p-value = 0.25

First need to know about the p-value:

The P-value is the probability that the sample proportion is more extreme than in the sample, when the null hypothesis is true.

P-value = 0.25. In this case, the null hypothesis states that there is no difference among the two groups and thus that the vaccine is ineffective. There is a 25% chance to obtain results similar to the test results or more extreme, when the vaccine is ineffective.

c)

To determine

To explain whether to agree with researchers result.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

The fellow researcher do not consider this evidence strong enough to recommend regular use of the vaccine

I agree with the researcher that results are not strong enough to recommend regular use of the vaccine as p-value =0.25 >0.05