CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY MASTERING BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135855843
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction
To find: If the given figures represent active transport or passive transport.
Introduction: Cellular transport is the process of moving molecules and ions into and out of a cell. It requires specialized cellular structures and can involve either active transport, which requires energy, or passive transport, which happens without energy. Active transport moves molecules and ions against their concentration gradient, while passive transport moves molecules and ions along their concentration gradient.
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Discuss how the structure of the SERCA Ca ion pump allows for the passage of Ca across themembrane. Make sure you detail the mechanism of transfer, where does the energy storycome in, timing of shape shifts, etc.
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Sodium-potassium ATPases are [passive/active] transporters that move sodium and potassium [with/against] their electrochemical gradients. In other words, potassium and sodium transport, without any coupled process, are [endergonic/exergonic] processes. These transporters are [primary active/facilitated/secondary active] transporters meaning that the transport process is coupled to [ATP hydrolysis/ion diffusion] to make the process spontaneous. P-type ATPases are [acid-base/covalent/nucleophilic] catalysts that become phosphorylated during the transport cycle. The sodium-potassium ATPase moves [3/2/1] cations out of the cell for every [1/2/3] cations it moves into the cell, polarizing the membrane such that the inside is [positive/negative] compared to the outside.
Chapter 9 Solutions
CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY MASTERING BIOLOGY
Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
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- K+ [Select] [Select] A Na+ Primary active transport is being shown by transporter [Select] which uses [Select] ATP [Select] B The transported molecules in this mechanism are being moved [Select] to move Glucose active transport is being shown by transporter [Select] which uses the gradient. Secondary to move against the gradient. When both the molecules move through a transporter in the same direction as in B, this type of transport is called antiport.arrow_forwardArrange the sequence of events in Oxidative Phosphorylation. (1-5) As the H+ ions move through the ATP synthase it'll provide the power to make the ATP synthase to turn. As it turns, a phosphate group is added to an ADP, forming a proton gradient-energy as ATP. With the help of a channel protein called ATP synthase, these H* ions are transferred back to the matrix. The electrons are passed to another electron carrier called cytochrome C (cyt C), which carries the = electrons to enzyme complex IV. Here, the last batch of H* ions are pumped into the intermembrane space. Enzyme complexes I and Il then transport the electrons through ubiquinone (Q), a mobile electron carrier. Q is reduced to QH, in the process and delivers the electrons to enzyme complex III. As this happens, more H* ions are pumped into the intermembrane space. The NADH and FADH2 produced from the previous stages of cellular respiration bring electrons across the transport chain to initiate the oxidative phosphorylation.arrow_forward3 Diagram A below illustrates schematically a classic experiment designed to test the chemi- osmotic hypothesis. Phospholipid vesicles were made to contain beef heart mitochondrial ATP syn- thase and bacteriorhodopsin, a light driven proton pump isolated from Halobacterium holobium. Under light illumination, proton translocation by bacteriorhodopsin results in ATP synthesis when ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) are added to the suspension of vesicles. Diagram B shows a plot of the rate of ATP synthesis as a function of the proton gradient ApH. Bacteriorhodopsin in synthetic vesicle 100F A outside inside 5아 Fo F1 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 A pH (a) how this differs from its orientation in mitochondria. Given the orientation of the components of ATP synthase complex in diagram A, describe (b) cavity of the vesicle become the region of low proton concentration or the region of high proton con- centration? Explain your reasoning. Under light illumination to activate bacteriorhodopsin to drive ATP…arrow_forward
- Describe the role of each of the membrane proteins shown in the picture below. Think about what is happening to the electrons and describe how energy is transformed as electrons move along the chain. Part of this involves the formation of the proton gradient. The other part is the explanation of the energetics of electron transport that you investigated above. In other words, the reason that electrons always flow from complex I to complex III to complex IV to oxygen.arrow_forwardGive 4 similarities and 4 differences between and nature and/or role of membrane potentials in a neuron and in a mitochondrion.arrow_forwardPlease asaparrow_forward
- I'm waiting.... thank youarrow_forwardabout ATP synthase [Cellular Respiration] Which of the following interactions provides the mechanical energy needed to promote ATP production? Non-polar interaction Salt bridge formation Polar interaction : Attractive Polar interaction : Repulsivearrow_forwardTransportation by transporters and channels are similar in that they both can occur with passive transport but yet one (transport by transporters) sometimes requires energy in order to happen, does the use of energy provide something special to the cell?arrow_forward
- Cell Everyday Function Energy Production Molecule Transport Demonstrate how cells are able to Discuss the methods that the cell is able make energy using the following terms to get the molecules needed for normal functions using the following terms. 1. Active Transport 2. Pumps 3. 1. ATP 2. Glucose 3. Anaerobic 4. Aerobic 5. Oxygen 6. Reactants 7. Products 8. Pyruvate 9. Mitochondria ATP 4. Concentration Gradient (with and against) 5. Simple Diffusion 6. Facilitated Diffusion 7. Passive Transport 8. Proteins 9. Phospholipidsarrow_forward12. Use Figure 4 for questions a-c below. 114 ATP synthase matrix intermembrane space Figure 4: Sketch of a mitochondrion https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Schema mitochondrion basic.svg Bionet, CC BY-SA 4.0 , via Wikimedia Commons a. Add to the sketch to show a H* concentration gradient in an active mitochondrion. (Sketch more H* in the appropriate space. Sketch less H* in the appropriate space.) 4+ b. Sketch an arrow to represent the direction that protons flow (via diffusion) through ATP synthase. c. If the concentration of protons was equal on each side of the membrane, how would that affect the flow of protons through ATP synthase? How would that affect ATP production from glucose?arrow_forwardPlease asaparrow_forward
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