Chapter 9, Problem 9A.4AE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ability of nitrogen to form four bonds in ${\text{NH}}_4^{+}$ has to be stated

Concept introduction:

The hybridization is the process of combining atomic orbitals together to get the appropriate directional properties and improved overlapping of atomic orbitals.  A hybrid orbital is formed by the mixing of the orbitals.  According to the rule of hybridization, an atom that is surrounded with two groups is $sp$ hybridized, an atom that is surrounded with three groups is $s{p}^2$ hybridized and an atom that is surrounded with four groups is $s{p}^3$ hybridized.