CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781309097182
Author: SILBERBERG
Publisher: MCG/CREATE
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.76P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of the following reaction is to be calculated.

H2(g)+Cl2(g)2HCl(g)

Concept introduction:

The heat of the reaction (ΔHrxn°) is defined as the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction as a result of the difference in the bond energies (BE) of reactant and product in the reaction. ΔHrxn° is negative for exothermic reaction and ΔHrxn° is positive for an endothermic reaction.

The formula to calculate ΔHrxn° of reaction is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=ΔHreactant bond broken°+ΔHproduct bond formed°

Or,

ΔHrxn°=BEreactant bond brokenBEproduct bond formed

The bond energy of reactants is positive and the bond energy of products is negative.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 9.76P

The enthalpy of the following reaction is 179kJ.

Explanation of Solution

The given chemical equation is as follows:

H2(g)+Cl2(g)2HCl(g)

The number of broken bonds is 1 HH bond and 1 ClCl bonds.

The number of bonds formed is 2 HCl bonds.

The formula to the enthalpy of the given reaction is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=(1BEHH+1BEClCl)(2BEHCl) (1)

Substitute 432kJ/mol for BEHH, 243kJ/mol for BEClCl and 427kJ/mol for BEHCl in the equation (1).

ΔHrxn°=[((1 mol)(432kJ/mol)+(1 mol)(243kJ/mol))(2 mol)(427kJ/mol)]=179kJ

Conclusion

The enthalpy of the following reaction is 179kJ.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of the following reaction is to be calculated.

H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)

Concept introduction:

The heat of the reaction (ΔHrxn°) is defined as the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction as a result of the difference in the bond energies (BE) of reactant and product in the reaction. ΔHrxn° is negative for exothermic reaction and ΔHrxn° is positive for an endothermic reaction.

The formula to calculate ΔHrxn° of reaction is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=ΔHreactant bond broken°+ΔHproduct bond formed°

Or,

ΔHrxn°=BEreactant bond brokenBEproduct bond formed

The bond energy of reactants is positive and the bond energy of products is negative.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 9.76P

The enthalpy of the following reaction is 7kJ.

Explanation of Solution

The given chemical equation is as follows:

H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)

The number of broken bonds is 1 HH bond and 1 II bonds.

The number of bonds formed is 2 HI bonds.

The formula to the enthalpy of the given reaction is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=(1BEHH+1BEII)(2BEHI) (2)

Substitute 432kJ/mol for BEHH, 151kJ/mol for BEII and 295kJ/mol for BEHI in the equation (2).

ΔHrxn°=[((1 mol)(432kJ/mol)+(1 mol)(151kJ/mol))(2 mol)(295kJ/mol)]=7kJ

Conclusion

The enthalpy of the following reaction is 7kJ.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The enthalpy of the following reaction is to be calculated.

2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g)

Concept introduction:

The heat of the reaction (ΔHrxn°) is defined as the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction as a result of the difference in the bond energies (BE) of reactant and product in the reaction. ΔHrxn° is negative for exothermic reaction and ΔHrxn° is positive for an endothermic reaction.

The formula to calculate ΔHrxn° of reaction is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=ΔHreactant bond broken°+ΔHproduct bond formed°

Or,

ΔHrxn°=BEreactant bond brokenBEproduct bond formed

The bond energy of reactants is positive and the bond energy of products is negative.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 9.76P

The enthalpy of the following reaction is 506kJ.

Explanation of Solution

The given chemical equation is as follows:

2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(g)

The number of broken bonds is 2HH bond and 1 OO bonds.

The number of bonds formed is 2 OH bonds.

The formula to the enthalpy of the given reaction is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=(2BEHH+1BEOO)(4BEOH) (3)

Substitute 432kJ/mol for BEHH, 498kJ/mol for BEOO and 467kJ/mol for BEOH in the equation (3).

ΔHrxn°=[((2 mol)(432kJ/mol)+(1 mol)(498kJ/mol))(4 mol)(467kJ/mol)]=506kJ

Conclusion

The enthalpy of the following reaction is 506kJ.

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Chapter 9 Solutions

CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<

Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 9.5AFPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 9.5BFPCh. 9 - Prob. 9.1PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.2PCh. 9 - What is the relationship between the tendency of a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.4PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.5PCh. 9 - State the type of bonding—ionic, covalent, or...Ch. 9 - State the type of bonding—ionic, covalent, or...Ch. 9 - State the type of bonding—ionic, covalent, or...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.10PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.11PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.12PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.13PCh. 9 - Give the group number and condensed electron...Ch. 9 - Give the group number and condensed electron...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.16PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.17PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.18PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.19PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.20PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.21PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.22PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.23PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.24PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.25PCh. 9 - For each pair, choose the compound with the larger...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.27PCh. 9 - For each pair, choose the compound with the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.29PCh. 9 - Use the following to calculate of NaCl: Compared...Ch. 9 - Use the following to calculate of MgF2: Compared...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.32PCh. 9 - Born-Haber cycles were used to obtain the first...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.34PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.35PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.36PCh. 9 - How does the energy of the bond between a given...Ch. 9 - When liquid benzene (C6H6) boils, does the gas...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.39PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.40PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.41PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.42PCh. 9 - The text points out that, for similar types of...Ch. 9 - Why is there a discrepancy between an enthalpy of...Ch. 9 - Which of the following gases would you expect to...Ch. 9 - Which of the following gases would you expect to...Ch. 9 - Use bond energies to calculate the enthalpy of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.48PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.49PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.50PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.51PCh. 9 - What is the general relationship between IE1 and...Ch. 9 - Is the H—O bond in water nonpolar covalent, polar...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.54PCh. 9 - How is the partial ionic character of a bond in a...Ch. 9 - Using the periodic table only, arrange the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.57PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.58PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.59PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.60PCh. 9 - Use Figure 9.21 to indicate the polarity of each...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.62PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.63PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.64PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.65PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.66PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.67PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.68PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.69PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.70PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.71PCh. 9 - Geologists have a rule of thumb: when molten rock...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.73PCh. 9 - Use Lewis electron-dot symbols to represent the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.75PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.76PCh. 9 - By using photons of specific wavelengths, chemists...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.78PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.79PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.80PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.81PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.82PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.83PCh. 9 - Find the longest wavelengths of light that can...Ch. 9 - The work function (ϕ) of a metal is the minimum...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.86PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.87PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.88PCh. 9 - In a future hydrogen-fuel economy, the cheapest...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.90PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.91P
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