HUMAN PHYSICOLOGY
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781260722000
Author: Fox
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 9, Problem 8CP
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effects of the drug atropine in terms of the actions of the parasympathetic system.
Introduction:
The neurotransmitter released by the pre and postganglionic parasympathetic axons is acetylcholine (ACh). Thus, the neurotransmitter for the parasympathetic system is the same. The nerve transmission at the synapses of the parasympathetic system is referred to as cholinergic. The drug atropine is a cholinergic receptor.
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Describe the effects of the drug atropine and explain these effects in terms of the actions of the parasympathetic system.
List and describe the major effects of parasympathetic stimulation. Explain why sympathetic effectstend to be systemic and long lasting, while parasympathetic effects are local and short lived.
Describe the clinical importance of drugs that mimic or inhibit adrenergic or cholinergic effects.
Chapter 9 Solutions
HUMAN PHYSICOLOGY
Ch. 9 - Describe the preganglionic and postganglionic...Ch. 9 - Compare the control of cardiac muscle and smooth...Ch. 9 - Describe the sympathetic pathway from the CNS to...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4CPCh. 9 - Prob. 5CPCh. 9 - Prob. 6CPCh. 9 - Prob. 7CPCh. 9 - Prob. 8CPCh. 9 - Explain how the effects of the sympathetic and...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1RA
Ch. 9 - Prob. 2RACh. 9 - Prob. 3RACh. 9 - Prob. 4RACh. 9 - Which of these fibers release norepinephrine? a....Ch. 9 - Prob. 6RACh. 9 - Prob. 7RACh. 9 - Prob. 8RACh. 9 - Prob. 9RACh. 9 - Prob. 10RACh. 9 - Prob. 11RACh. 9 - A drug that serves as an agonist for ai receptors...Ch. 9 - Prob. 13RACh. 9 - Prob. 14RACh. 9 - Compare the effects of adrenergic and cholinergic...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16RACh. 9 - Prob. 17RACh. 9 - Prob. 18RACh. 9 - Prob. 19RACh. 9 - Prob. 20RACh. 9 - Prob. 21RACh. 9 - Prob. 22RACh. 9 - Prob. 23RACh. 9 - Prob. 24RACh. 9 - Prob. 25RACh. 9 - Prob. 26RACh. 9 - Prob. 27RACh. 9 - Prob. 28RACh. 9 - Prob. 29RACh. 9 - Prob. 30RACh. 9 - Refer to table 7.3 to obtain axon diameters and...
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- Briefly describe where a cholinergic drug acts and how itaffects the postsynaptic receptors. Give two examples ofits possible effects on function.arrow_forwardDescribe the effect of parasympathetic innervation on each visceral organ innervated by the division of the ANS, especially the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, adrenal medulla, and external genitalia.arrow_forwardBriefly describe the functions of the sympathetic nervous system and the specific effects of adrenergic stimulationarrow_forward
- List examples of sympathetic and parasympathetic effects.arrow_forwardDraw a schematic diagram of the spinothalamic pathway and annotate it by indicating where and how the different drugs workarrow_forwardCompare the general effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS on mental alertness, metabolic rate, digestive/urinary function, use of energy reserves, respiratory rate, heart rate/blood pressure, and sweat gland activity.arrow_forward
- Identify the targets of the cholinergic and adrenergic neurotransmitters of the ANS.arrow_forwardList and describe the major effects of sympathetic stimulation on the major organs. Describe thedifference between an adrenergic receptor and a cholinergic receptor. List the adrenergic receptortypes, and name where you would find them. State their primary function.arrow_forwardList the various drugs classified as adrenergic antagonists (blockers) or sympatholytics.arrow_forward
- Indicate the results of sympathetic activation of the following structures: sweat glands, eye pupils, adrenal medullae, heart, bronchioles of the lungs, liver, blood vessels of vigorously working skeletal muscles, blood vessels of digestive viscera, salivary glands.arrow_forwardDescribe the basic pathway of parasympathetic innervation through cranial nerves and sacral spinal nerves to the visceral organs.arrow_forwardDescribe the relationship between dopaminergic neurons, Parkinson’s disease, and schizophrenia.arrow_forward
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