Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259894008
Author: W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 15CQ
The plunger of a sealed hypodermic syringe containing air is slowly pulled out. Does the air pressure inside the syringe increase or decrease when this happens? Explain.
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Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Ch. 9 - Is it possible for a 100-lb woman to exert a...Ch. 9 - If we measure force in pounds (lb) and distance in...Ch. 9 - The same force is applied to two cylinders that...Ch. 9 - A penny and a quarter are embedded in the concrete...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5CQCh. 9 - The fluid in a hydraulic system pushes against two...Ch. 9 - If the output piston in a hydraulic pump exerts a...Ch. 9 - When a mercury barometer is used to measure...Ch. 9 - Could we use water instead of mercury to make a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 9 - Could we use water instead of mercury to make a...Ch. 9 - If you climbed a mountain carrying a mercury...Ch. 9 - If you filled an airtight balloon at the top of a...Ch. 9 - When you go over a mountain pass in an automobile,...Ch. 9 - The plunger of a sealed hypodermic syringe...Ch. 9 - Helium is sealed inside a balloon impermeable to...Ch. 9 - Is it possible for a solid metal ball to float in...Ch. 9 - A rectangular metal block is suspended by a string...Ch. 9 - Is it possible for a boat made of concrete to...Ch. 9 - A block of wood is floating in a pool of water. a....Ch. 9 - A large bird lands on a rowboat that is floating...Ch. 9 - Is it possible that some objects might float in...Ch. 9 - A rowboat is floating in a swimming pool when the...Ch. 9 - If an object has a smaller density than water,...Ch. 9 - A steady stream of water flowing in a narrow pipe...Ch. 9 - Why does the stream of water flowing from a faucet...Ch. 9 - Does a stream of liquid with a high viscosity flow...Ch. 9 - If the speed of flow in a stream decreases, is the...Ch. 9 - Why is the flow of smoke from a cigarette often...Ch. 9 - If you blow between two limp pieces of paper held...Ch. 9 - A wind gust blows sideways across an...Ch. 9 - A hair dryer can be used to create a stream of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 33CQCh. 9 - Does the path of a curveball really curve? (See...Ch. 9 - A force of 60 N pushes down on the movable piston...Ch. 9 - A 150-lb woman puts all of her weight on one heel...Ch. 9 - A 270-lb man supports all of his weight on a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4ECh. 9 - In a hydraulic system, a force of 540 N is exerted...Ch. 9 - The load-bearing piston in a certain hydraulic...Ch. 9 - A column of water in a vertical pipe has a...Ch. 9 - With the temperature held constant, the pressure...Ch. 9 - With the temperature held constant, the piston of...Ch. 9 - A 0.52-kg block of wood is floating in water. What...Ch. 9 - A block of wood of uniform density floats so that...Ch. 9 - A certain boat displaces a volume of 8.3 m3 of...Ch. 9 - A rock with a volume of 0.3 m3 is fully submerged...Ch. 9 - A stream moving with a speed of 3.5 m/s reaches a...Ch. 9 - Water emerges from a faucet at a speed of 1.5 m/s....Ch. 9 - An airplane wing with an average cross-sectional...Ch. 9 - Suppose the input piston of a hydraulic jack has a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2SPCh. 9 - A copper block with a density of 8960 kg/m3 is...Ch. 9 - A flat-bottomed wooden box is 2.8 m long and 1.3 m...Ch. 9 - A pipe with a circular cross-section has a...
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- An airplane is cruising al altitude 10 km. The pressure outside the craft is 0.287 atm; within the passenger compartment, the pressure is 1.00 atm and the temperature is 20C. A small leak occurs in one of the window seals in the passenger compartment. Model the air as an ideal fluid to estimate the speed of the airstream flowing through the leak.arrow_forwardThe human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of mm of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have nearly the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height lo which the fluid rises is observed, as shown in Figure P9.83. If the fluid ruses to a height of 160. mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160. mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Sometimes it is necessary to determine whether an accident victim has suffered a crushed vertebra that is blocking the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal column. In other cases, a physician may suspect that a tumor or other growth is blocking the spinal column and inhibiting the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Such conditions ran be investigated by means of the Queckensted test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed lo make the blood pressure rise in the brain. The increase in pressure in the blood vessels is transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. What should be the normal effect on the height of the fluid in the spinal tap? (c) Suppose compressing the veins had no effect on the level of the fluid. What might account for this phenomenon?arrow_forwardThe average human has a density of 945 kg/m3 after in haling and 1 020 kg/m3 after exhaling. (a) Without making any swimming movements, what percentage of the human body would be above the surface in the Dead Sea (a body of water with a density of about 1 230 kg/m3) in each of these cases? (b) Given that bone and muscle are denser than fat, what physical characteristics differentiate sinkers (those who tend to sink in water) from floaters (those who readily float)?arrow_forward
- The human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of mm of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have nearly the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height lo which the fluid rises is observed, as shown in Figure P9.83. If the fluid ruses to a height of 160. mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160. mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Sometimes it is necessary to determine whether an accident victim has suffered a crushed vertebra that is blocking the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal column. In other cases, a physician may suspect that a tumor or other growth is blocking the spinal column and inhibiting the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Such conditions ran be investigated by means of the Queckensted test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed lo make the blood pressure rise in the brain. The increase in pressure in the blood vessels is transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. What should be the normal effect on the height of the fluid in the spinal tap? (c) Suppose compressing the veins had no effect on the level of the fluid. What might account for this phenomenon?arrow_forwardDuring forced exhalation, such as when blowing up a balloon, the diaphragm and chest muscles create a pressure of 60.0 mm Hg between the lungs and chest wall. What force in newtons does this pressure create on the 600 cm2 surface area of the diaphragm?arrow_forwardReview. In a water pistol, a piston drives water through a large tube of area A1 into a smaller tube of area A2 as shown in Figure P14.46. The radius of the large tube is 1.00 cm and that of the small tube is 1.00 mm. The smaller tube is 3.00 cm above the larger tube. (a) If the pistol is fired horizontally at a height of 1.50 m, determine the time interval required for the water to travel from the nozzle to the ground. Neglect air resistance and assume atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm. (b) If the desired range of the stream is 8.00 m, with what speed v2 must the stream leave the nozzle? (c) At what speed v1 must the plunger be moved to achieve the desired range? (d) What is the pressure at the nozzle? (e) Find the pressure needed in the larger tube. (f) Calculate the force that must be exerted on the trigger to achieve the desired range. (The force that must be exerted is due to pressure over and above atmospheric pressure.) Figure P14.46arrow_forward
- A backyard swimming pool with a circular base of diameter 6.00 m is filled to depth 1.50 m. (a) Find the absolute pressure at the bottom of the pool. (b) Two persons with combined mass 150 kg enter the pool and float quietly there. No water overflows. Find the pressure increase at the bottom of the pool after they enter the pool and float.arrow_forwardA vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is fitted with a tight-fitting, frictionless piston of mass m (Fig. P18.40). The piston is not restricted in its motion in any way and is supported by the gas at pressure P below it. Atmospheric pressure is P0. We wish to find the height h in Figure P18.40. (a) What analysis model is appropriate to describe the piston? (b) Write an appropriate force equation for the piston from this analysis model in terms of P, P0, m, A, and g. (c) Suppose n moles of an ideal gas are in the cylinder at a temperature of T. Substitute for P in your answer to part (b) to find the height h of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder. Figure P18.40arrow_forwardA submarine is stranded on the bottom of the ocean with its hatch 25.0 m below the surface. Calculate the force needed to open the hatch from the inside, given it is circular and 0.450 m in diameter. Air pressure inside the submarine is 1.00 atm.arrow_forward
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