21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 8.2, Problem 8.2CYU
To determine
The amount of element A remaining after
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5. If a 10-gram sample of a radioactive substance has a half-life of 6000 years, how much would be present after 8000 years?
6. If Nitrogen-14 absorbs an alpha particle and then emits a Hydrogen-1, what is the resulting nucleus?
What is "half-life"?
Select one:
a. The time needed for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay
b. the time needed for a radioactive atom to lose half its energy
c. the time needed for the mass of a radioactive atom to decrease by one-half
Why are some radioactive substances dangerous for a very long time?
Select one:
a. Some radioactive substances have very long half-lives. It takes a long time for the number of radioactive atoms to decrease.
b. Some radioactive atoms combine easily with minerals in the ground, so they can't be removed from the environment.
c. Some radioactive atoms combine easily with organic molecules. They get into the food chain where they can't be removed.
d. Some radioactive molecules are very light, so they stay in the air for long periods of time.
Chapter 8 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 8.1CYUCh. 8.2 - Prob. 8.2CYUCh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.3ACYUCh. 8.3 - Prob. 8.3BCYUCh. 8.4 - Prob. 8.4CYUCh. 8.5 - Prob. 8.5CYUCh. 8.6 - Prob. 8.6CYUCh. 8 - Prob. 1QPCh. 8 - Prob. 2QPCh. 8 - Prob. 3QP
Ch. 8 - Prob. 4QPCh. 8 - Prob. 5QPCh. 8 - Prob. 6QPCh. 8 - Prob. 7QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8QPCh. 8 - Prob. 9QPCh. 8 - Prob. 10QPCh. 8 - Prob. 11QPCh. 8 - Prob. 12QPCh. 8 - Prob. 13QPCh. 8 - Prob. 14QPCh. 8 - Prob. 15QPCh. 8 - Prob. 16QPCh. 8 - Prob. 17QPCh. 8 - Prob. 18QPCh. 8 - Prob. 19QPCh. 8 - Prob. 20QPCh. 8 - Prob. 21QPCh. 8 - Prob. 22QPCh. 8 - Prob. 23QPCh. 8 - Prob. 24QPCh. 8 - Prob. 25QPCh. 8 - Prob. 26QPCh. 8 - Prob. 27QPCh. 8 - Prob. 28QPCh. 8 - Prob. 29QPCh. 8 - Prob. 30QPCh. 8 - Prob. 31QPCh. 8 - Prob. 32QPCh. 8 - Prob. 33QPCh. 8 - Prob. 34QPCh. 8 - Prob. 35QPCh. 8 - Prob. 36QPCh. 8 - Prob. 37QPCh. 8 - Prob. 38QPCh. 8 - Prob. 39QPCh. 8 - Prob. 40QPCh. 8 - Prob. 41QPCh. 8 - Prob. 42QPCh. 8 - Prob. 43QPCh. 8 - Prob. 44QPCh. 8 - Prob. 45QP
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- 3. The element tungsten (W) is important for Hf/W dating of core formation in rocky planets. Tungsten has lithophile and siderophile tendencies and will be distributed between the silicate and metallic portions of the Earth. The W concentration in Earth's mantle is 16 ppb (16 ng/g). Given D = 42 for metal/silicate partitioning, calculate the W concentration in Earth's core and in the bulk Earth. You can assume Ycore = 0.325 and = 0.675. The crustal contribution to Earth's tungsten inventory is negligible. Ymantlearrow_forwardPart a. Approximately how much mass remains after 8.0 hours?Part b. Approximately how much mass would remain after 21.0 hours?Part c. What is the half-life for this isotope?arrow_forward7A. What method do scientists use to determine the age of fossils, and what radioactive isotope do scientists use to determine the age of organic fossils? Your answer wwwwwwarrow_forward
- 5. A fossil contains 50% of the carbon-14 it once had as a living creature. Use the half-life decay equation to determine when the creature died. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years.arrow_forward37. A sample of 4 g of cobalt isotope is produced. If the half-life of is 30 years, what will be the mass of the cobalt remaining after 90 years? Please show all work (ref: p.808-813) hulu video F2 F3 F4 FS F6 F7 F8 FS & 5 8. R Y (O 图 图 LO T LLarrow_forward1. The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.3 years. If 4.0g of cobalt-60 are allowed to decay for 21.2 years. a. How many grams of cobalt-60 are radioactive? b. How many grams are decayed? c. How many years have gone by if 63/64 of the sample decayed? d. How many grams of the 4.0g sample are radioactive if 63/64 decayed?arrow_forward
- 6. If Nitrogen-14 absorbs an alpha particle and then emits a Hydrogen-1, what is the resulting nucleus? 7. If Au-185 emits an alpha particle, what is the nucleus formed? 8. What nucleus emits an alpha particle and forms Th-234?arrow_forwardSource A has a half-life of 10 million years, and source B has a half-life of 5 million years. After 10 million years, what percent of each source remains? A. 50% of source A and 25% of source B B. 50% of source A and 0% of source B C. 25% of source A and 25% of source B D. 25% of source A and 0% of source Barrow_forwardThe hot liquid magma of molten earth was on full display in Mauna Loa as it has been actively erupting over the past couple of weeks.Geologist and scientist have determined that about 50% of the earth's interior is due to the release of heat by the decay of radioactive elements like potassium-40, uranium-238 and thorium-232, which have half-lives of 1.25 billion, 4 billion and 14 billion years, respectively. a) Write the equation of the BETA-minus decay of potassium-40. b). Write the equation of the ALPHA decay of uranium-238. c). Write the equation of the ALPHA decay of thorium-232.arrow_forward
- DATE NAME Half-life Practice 1. What is half-life? 2. If we start with 400 atoms of a radioactive substance, how many would we have after: a. one half-life? b. two half-lives? c. three half-lives? d. four half-lives? 3. If we start with 48 atoms of a radioactive substance, how many would remain after: a. one half-life? b. two half-lives? c. after three half-lives? d. after four half-lives? Using the graph to the right, answer the following questions. 4. What is the half-life of each element? 5. Which element has the shortest half-life? 10- 6. Which element is the most unstable? How do you know? Ago 10 years ) Use the graph on the to answer the following questions. 7. How many atoms are in the original sample size of this radioisotope? 8. How long is the half-life? 9. How many atoms are left after 2 half-lives? 10. Approximately how many days would have to pass for there to be only 2.5 atoms of the sample remaining? How many half-lives? Parcent ot Oniginal Mase Romainingarrow_forward4. An isotope’s half-life isarrow_forwardQ2) Since the half-life of U-235 (7.13x108 years) is less than that of U-238 (4.51x 10⁹ years). The isotopic abundance of U-235 has been steadily decreasing since the earth was formed about 4.5 billion years ago. Determine how long ago the isotopic abundance of U-235 was equal to 3.0 weight percent, that is, the enrichment of the uranium used in many nuclear power plants. The present day isotopic abundance of U- 235 is 0.72%.arrow_forward
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Half life | Radioactivity | Physics | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDkNlU7zKYU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY