Chapter 8, Problem 8.76P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereisomers of a tetrahedral molecule of the type ${\text{AX}}_{\text{3}}\text{Y}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Isomers:

The compounds with same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of the atom are said to be isomers.

Stereo isomers:

Stereo isomers are the isomers that have same molecular formula but differ in spatial arrangement of atoms.  Stereo isomers can be sub divided into two groups,

• Optical isomers
• Geometrical isomers

Geometric isomers:

If there is restricted rotation in a molecule there arise geometric isomerisms.  Geometric isomers are also known as Cis- trans isomerism.

• If the two atoms locked in same side of the molecule then it is called as cis isomers.
• If the two atoms locked in opposite side of the molecule then it is called as trans isomers.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer’s of a square planar molecule of the type ${\text{AX}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Y}}_{\text{2}}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer of a tetrahedral molecule of the type $\text{AHXYZ}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible stereoisomer of a square planar molecule of the type ${\text{AX}}_{\text{3}}\text{Y}$ has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).