Chapter 8, Problem 8.107SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For the given reaction, given the data for $\Delta H$ and $\Delta S$, the reaction is whether favored by entropy or enthalpy has to be ascertained.  $\Delta G°$ has to be calculated for the given reaction.

Concept Introduction:

• Free energy change, $\Delta G,$ is represented as,

$\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S$

       Where,

$\Delta H=\text{ enthalpy change, }\Delta \text{S = entropy change}$

• Spontaneous process has positive entropy value and negative free energy, enthalpy value.
• Non-spontaneous process tends to proceed with negative entropy value and positive free energy and enthalpy.
• A reaction which proceeds with absorption of heat is called endothermic reaction and has positive $\Delta H$ value whereas a reaction which proceeds with release of heat is called exothermic reaction and has negative $\Delta H$ value.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reaction whether has equilibrium temperature has to be ascertained and the same has to be calculated of if it has equilibrium temperature.

Concept Introduction:

• Free energy change, $\Delta G,$ is represented as,

$\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S$

       Where,

$\Delta H=\text{ enthalpy change, }\Delta \text{S = entropy change}$

• Spontaneous process has positive entropy value and negative free energy, enthalpy value.
• Non-spontaneous process tends to proceed with negative entropy value and positive free energy and enthalpy.
• The temperature at which a spontaneous reaction becomes non-spontaneous and vice-versa is termed as crossover temperature or equilibrium temperature.