Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321993724
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 50P
To determine
The factor of an object’s speed in circular orbit is increased to reach escape speed.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
Ch. 8.2 - Suppose the distance between two objects is cut in...Ch. 8.3 - Suppose the paths in Fig. 8.8 are the paths of...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 8.3GICh. 8 - What do Newtons apple and the Moon have in common?Ch. 8 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 8 - When you stand on Earth, the distance between you...Ch. 8 - The force of gravity on an object is proportional...Ch. 8 - A friend who knows nothing about physics asks what...Ch. 8 - Could you put a satellite in an orbit that keeps...Ch. 8 - Why are satellites generally launched eastward and...
Ch. 8 - Given Earths mass, the Moons distance and orbital...Ch. 8 - How should a satellite be launched so that its...Ch. 8 - Does the gravitational force of the Sun do work on...Ch. 8 - Space explorers land on a planet with the same...Ch. 8 - Use data for the Moons orbit from Appendix E to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - Prob. 14ECh. 8 - Two identical lead spheres with their centers 14...Ch. 8 - Whats the approximate value of the gravitational...Ch. 8 - A sensitive gravimeter is carried to the top of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18ECh. 8 - Find the speed of a satellite in geostationary...Ch. 8 - Marss orbit has a diameter 1.52 times that of...Ch. 8 - Calculate the orbital period for Jupiters moon Io,...Ch. 8 - An astronaut hits a golf ball horizontally from...Ch. 8 - The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter circles the red...Ch. 8 - Earths distance from the Sun varies from 147 Gm at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - A rocket is launched vertically upward from Earths...Ch. 8 - What vertical launch speed is necessary to get a...Ch. 8 - Find the energy necessary to put 1 kg, initially...Ch. 8 - Whats the total mechanical energy associated with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Determine escape speeds from (a) Jupiters moon...Ch. 8 - Prob. 32ECh. 8 - The gravitational acceleration at a planets...Ch. 8 - One of the longest-standing athletic records is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - If youre standing on the ground 15 m directly...Ch. 8 - Given the Moons orbital radius of 384,400 km and...Ch. 8 - Equation 7.9 relates force to the derivative of...Ch. 8 - During the Apollo Moon landings, one astronaut...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40PCh. 8 - Prob. 41PCh. 8 - Youre preparing an exhibit for the Golf Hall of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43PCh. 8 - Satellites A and B are in circular orbits, with A...Ch. 8 - The asteroid that exploded over Chelyabinsk,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - Prob. 47PCh. 8 - Neglecting air resistance, to what height would...Ch. 8 - Show that an object released from rest very far...Ch. 8 - Prob. 50PCh. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - Prob. 52PCh. 8 - Prob. 53PCh. 8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8 - Prob. 55PCh. 8 - Two meteoroids are 160,000 km from Earths center...Ch. 8 - Two rockets are launched from Earths surface, one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - A missiles trajectory takes it to a maximum...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Mercurys orbital speed varies from 38.8 km/s at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Two satellites are in geostationary orbit but in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Prob. 65PCh. 8 - We derived Equation 8.4 on the assumption that the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 67PCh. 8 - As a member of the 2040 Olympic committee, youre...Ch. 8 - The Olympic Committee is keeping you busy! Youre...Ch. 8 - Tidal forces are proportional to the variation in...Ch. 8 - Spacecraft that study the Sun are often placed at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 72PPCh. 8 - Prob. 73PPCh. 8 - Prob. 74PPCh. 8 - The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses a...
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- If a spacecraft is headed for the outer solar system, it may require several gravitational slingshots with planets in the inner solar system. If a spacecraft undergoes a head-on slingshot with Venus as in Example 11.6, find the spacecrafts change in speed vS. Hint: Venuss orbital period is 1.94 107 s, and its average distance from the Sun is 1.08 1011 m.arrow_forwardShow that the areal velocity for a circular orbit of radius r about a mass M is At=12GMr . Does your expression give the correct value for Earth’s areal vilocity about the Sun?arrow_forwardIt was stated that a satellite with negative total energy is in a bound orbit, whereas one with zero or positive total energy is in an unbounded orbit. Why zero or positive total energy is in an unbounded orbit. Why is this true? What choice for gravitational potential energy was made such that this is true?arrow_forward
- A planet has two moons with identical mass. Moon 1 is in a circular orbit of radius r. Moon 2 is in a circular orbit of radius 2r. The magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the planet on Moon 2 is (a) four times as large (b) twice as large (c) the same (d) half as large (e) one-fourth as large as the gravitational force exerted by the planet on Moon 1.arrow_forwardFind the escape speed of a projectile from the surface of Jupiter.arrow_forwardSuppose the gravitational acceleration at the surface of a certain moon A of Jupiter is 2 m/s2. Moon B has twice the mass and twice the radius of moon A. What is the gravitational acceleration at its surface? Neglect the gravitational acceleration due to Jupiter, (a) 8 m/s2 (b) 4 m/s2 (c) 2 m/s2 (d) 1 m/s2 (e) 0.5 m/s2arrow_forward
- Let gM represent the difference in the gravitational fields produced by the Moon at the points on the Earths surface nearest to and farthest from the Moon. Find the fraction gM/g, where g is the Earths gravitational field. (This difference is responsible for the occurrence of the lunar tides on the Earth.)arrow_forwardCheck Your Understanding If we send a probe out of the solar system starting form Earth’s surface, do we only have to escape the Sun?arrow_forwardFIGURE 8.38 Comparison of a circular and an elliptical orbit. The semimajor axis of the ellipse is the radius of the circular orbit. At points I and J on the ellipse, the particles speed is the same as it would be on the circle. At perihelion P, the particles speed is too high to maintain a circular orbit, and at aphelion A, it is too low. G Case Study Comet Hale-Bopps elliptical orbit is described in Problem 63. Draw an energy graph for the Suncomet system. For points A, P, I, and J (Fig. 8.38, page 236), superimpose a bar chart on the energy graph.arrow_forward
- An average-sized asteroid located 5.0107km from Earth with mass 2.01013kg is detected headed directly toward Earth with speed of 2.0km/s . What will its speed be just before it hits our atmosphere? (You may ignore the size of the asteroid.)arrow_forwardUsing the technique shown in Satellite Orbits and Energy, show that two masses m1 and m2 in circular orbits about their common center of mass, will have total energy E=K+E=K1+K2Gm1m2r=Gm1m22r . We have shown the kinetic energy of both masses explicitly. (Hint: The masses orbit at radii r1 and r2 , respectively, where r=r1+r2 . Be sure not to confuse the radius needed for centripetal acceleration with that for the gravitational force.)arrow_forwardA planet has two moons of equal mass. Moon 1 is in a circular orbit of radius r. Moon 2 is in a circular orbit of radius 2r. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the planet on Moon 2? (a) four times as large as that on Moon 1 (b) twice as large as that on Moon 1 (c) equal to that on Moon 1 (d) half as large as that on Moon 1 (e) one-fourth as large as that on Moon 1arrow_forward
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