Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780135269169
Author: Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 4TYK
It is difficult to observe individual chromosomes during interphase because
a. the DNA has not been replicated yet.
b. they are in the form of long, thin strands.
c. they leave the nucleus and are dispersed to other parts of the cell.
d. homologous chromosomes do not pair up until division starts.
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A parent cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells in the process of mitosis. For mitosis to take place:
A.
the parent cell must divide its DNA in half so each daughter cell gets only the genes needed to carry out its functions. In this way, differentiation occurs.
B.
the parent cell must reproduce its DNA during telophase
C.
the parent cell must first be fertilized
D.
the parent cell must replicate its entire genome prior to mitosis
E.
crossover must be delayed until the second cell division
In a cell cycle
Select one:
a. DNA is replicated and passed to homologous chromosomes during interphase
b. DNA is replicated and passed to daughter cells during mitotic phase
c. DNA and RNA are replicated and passed to parent cells during interphase
d. DNA and RNA are replicated and passed to sister chromatids during mitotic phase
the kinetochore of a metaphase chromosome is
a. The ends of the chromosome that are duplicated by telomerase.
b. The repeated DNA sequence at the centromere that is composed of cohesion protein.
c. A protein complex that assembles on the outer surface of the chromosome to mediate attachment to the kinetochore microtubules
d. The protein complext that contains cohesion and mediates attachment of the sister chromatids.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts and Connections
Ch. 8 - Complete the following table to compare mitosis...Ch. 8 - If an intestinal cell in a grasshopper contains 24...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is not a function of...Ch. 8 - It is difficult to observe individual chromosomes...Ch. 8 - A fruit fly somatic cell contains 8 chromosomes....Ch. 8 - If a fragment of a chromosome breaks off and then...Ch. 8 - Which of the following phases of mitosis is...Ch. 8 - A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells...Ch. 8 - A micrograph of a dividing cell from a mouse...Ch. 8 - Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts...
Ch. 8 - Why are individuals with an extra chromosome 21,...Ch. 8 - In the light micrograph below of dividing cells...Ch. 8 - An organism called a plasmodial slime mold is one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 8 - Discuss the factors that control the division of...Ch. 8 - Compare cytokinesis in plant and animal cells. In...Ch. 8 - Sketch a cell with three pairs of chromosomes...Ch. 8 - Suppose you read in the newspaper that a genetic...Ch. 8 - Bacteria are able to divide on a faster schedule...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 8 - A mule is the offspring of a horse and a donkey. A...Ch. 8 - What you think of as a banana is a Cavendish, one...Ch. 8 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING The study described in Module...
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- Describe the role of the following structures or proteins in cell division: a. microtubules b. cohesin protein c. kinetochores d. synaptonemal complexarrow_forwardWhich of the following occurs during metaphase I? A. Homologous chromosomes pack tightly, pair up, and swap segments. B. Homologous chromosome pairs are aligned midway between spindle poles. C. The spindle separates the homologous chromosomes and moves them toward opposite spindle poles. D. A complete set of chromosomes cluster at each cell end, and two haploid nuclei are produced.arrow_forwardThe same chromosome can look very different depending on when in meiosis it is observed. Explain fully why this is so and also why the chromosome is less condensed during some parts of the cell cycle? How many DNA molecules does each chromosome contain at the beginning of Prophase I? Use the following terms in your explanation: chromatin, histone, chromatid, centromere.arrow_forward
- 1. Mitosis: a. Are the chromosomes at each pole during telophase identical to chromosomes in the original cell (prior to S phase of cell cycle)? b. Are the new daughter cells genetically identical to the original cell? c. Does crossing over occur in mitosis? Explain.arrow_forwardIn the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase, a strand of chromatin consisting of eight conserved histone proteins, and a short region of double-stranded DNA wrapped around them, is: A. properly referred to as the radial miniband B. properly referred to as the supersolenoid C. properly referred to as the chromosome D. properly referred to as the nucleosome E. properly referred to as the solenoidarrow_forwardHuman cells normally have 46 chromosomes. For each of the following stages, state the number of chromosomes and the number of DNA molecules found in these chromosomes that are present in a human cell. a) Metaphase of mitosis Metaphase I of meiosis c) Telophase of mitosis (after cytokinesis)arrow_forward
- A micrograph of a mutated dividing cell from a zebrafish showed 19 chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids. Which of the following stages of cell division would you expect such micrograph have been taken? a. prophase I of meiosis b. telophase II of mitosis c. prophase of mitosis d. prophase II of meiosisarrow_forwardWith regard to the process of mitosis, which of the following pairs is NOT matched correctly? a. Interphase - the cell grows, chromosomes replicate, and proteins are produced to prepare the cell to divide Ob. Prophase - chromosomes condense, and the nuclear membrane dissociates/breaks down c. Metaphase - chromosomes move toward opposite poles (or sides) of the cell d. Anaphase - sister chromatids separate e. Telophase - two distinct nuclei are formed; this is the stage immediately before cytokinesis O O Oarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about chromosomes and centromeres is INCORRECT?(choose the letter that corresponds to the answer) A. A centromere is a constriction visible on metaphase chromosomes. B. Centromere position is a useful marker for dividing chromosomes into karyotype groups. C. Centromeric protein-A replaces histone H3 in nucleosomes found at the centromere. D. Acentric and dicentric chromosomes are genetically stable chromosomes.arrow_forward
- For most dividing cells in a diploid organism, the time spent in mitosis is approximately 4% of the total time of the cell cycle. In a population of continually dividing cells isolated from this organism, most of the cells would... A.have highly condensed chromatin. B. be in interphase (G1 or S or G2). C. be in mitosis. D. be in meiosis.arrow_forwardThe amount of DNA per cell of a particular species is measured in cells found at various stages of meiosis and the following amounts are obtained: 3.7 pg , 7.3 pg , and 14.6 pg. Match the amounts of DNA above with the corresponding stages of the cell cycle. You may use more than one stage for each amount of DNA . A. G2 B. After both telophase II and cytokinesis C. Metaphase IIarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? A. Centrosomes are anchor points for microtubules and are essential to form the mitotic spindle. B. In the eukaryotic cell cycle the cell spends much more time in the interphase than in the mitotic phase. C. In telophase two nuclear envelopes are fully formed and the cell splits in two via cytokinesis. D. The contraction of the kinetochore microtubules leads to the separation of the sister chromatids during anaphase. E. In the prophase chromatin condenses into X-shaped chromosomes.arrow_forward
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