Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119390114
Author: Black
Publisher: WILEY
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 4.1SC
If you had be exposed to a mutagen,would you rather it be one that causes point mutations or one that causes frameshift mutations? Why?
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A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors. All BUT ONE of the statements below correctly describes or explains genetic mutations.
A) Mutation can disrupt normal cell activity and cause diseases, like cancer.
B) Mutations in parents' cells are then passed down to offspring via reproduction.
C) Our cells can recognise any potentially mutation-causing damage and repair it before it permanent.
D) Mutations can occur as the result of exposure to environmental factors such as smoking, toxins and radiation.
(a) Mutations have many different causes and effects.
Outline how mutations can affect the gene pool of a population.
(b) Draw a table that identifies THREI types of mutagens, describes how
each mutagen causes mutation and describes the effects of each mutagen.
Statistically, are mutations almost always beneficial or harmful? Why?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology: Principles and Explorations
Ch. 8 - Compare and contrast chromosomes in prokaryotes...Ch. 8 - DNA is not always the gemetic material. What are...Ch. 8 - How could mutations give rise to new alleles of a...Ch. 8 - How does trandlation differ from transcription?Ch. 8 - Distinguish between leading and lagging strands.Ch. 8 - What do 5 and 3 refer to? How do they determine...Ch. 8 - Contrast the three kinds of RNA. Does DNA make all...Ch. 8 - What feeds back in feedback inhibition? What does...Ch. 8 - What is the inducer for the lac operon?Ch. 8 - Compare enzyme induction and enzyme repression.
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Earlier, we described the Lederbergs’experiment, which demonstrated thatmutations are not directed by the environment. But mutagens, which areenvironmental, can lead to mutations. What’s the difference?arrow_forwardAre mutations good or bad? Explain your answerarrow_forwardAre mutations equally likely to occur in all locations in the genome? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- Why is a random mutation more likely to be deleterious than beneficial?arrow_forwardEarlier, we described the Lederbergs’experiment, which demonstrated that mutations are not directedby the environment. But mutagens, which are environmental, canlead to mutations. What’s the difference?arrow_forward2. A reversion is a mutation that returns a mutant codon back to a codon that gives a wild-type phenotype. At the DNA level, this type of mutation can be an exact reversion or an equivalent reversion. GAG First GTG Exact GAG (glutamic acid) mutation (valine) reversion (glutamic acid) GAG - GTG First Equivalent (valine) reversion GAA (glutamic acid) mutation (glutamic acid) GAG First GTG Equivalent - GAT (glutamic acid) mutation (valine) reversion (aspartic acid) An equivalent reversion produces a protein that is equivalent to the wild type in structure and function. This can occur in two ways. In some cases, the reversion produces the wild-type amino acid (in this case, glutamic acid), but it uses a different codon than the wild-type gene. Alternatively. an equivalent reversion may substitute an amino acid structurally similar to the wild-type amino acid. In our example, an equivalent reversion has changed valine to an aspartic acid. Because aspartic and glutamic acids are structurally…arrow_forward
- An original mutation, one that has never been seen before, has just occurred in a body cell. What will determine if this mutation affects the organism?.arrow_forwardCertain mutations are called dominant-negative mutations. What do you think this means and how do you suppose these mutations act?arrow_forwardDo mutations always cause negative impacts? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- What type of mutation (transition, transversion, or frameshift)would you expect each of the following mutagens to cause?A. Nitrous acidB. 5-BromouracilC. Proflavinarrow_forwardWhat Does It Mean “To Clone”?arrow_forwardExplain how a mutagen can interfere with DNA replication to cause a mutation. Give two examples.arrow_forward
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