A) The integrated ownership of pipelines was initially used by some oil companies to gain control of oil-producing area. How did they use their market power to gain market control? What other reasons can be offered for integrated ownership? Are these reasons valid in today’s business environment? B) The pipeline industry has approximately 100 companies, as compared to the motor carrier industry with more than 50,000. How do you account for this difference, given the fact that they both carry approximately the same volume of intercity ton-miles? C) The typical pipeline company has high fixed costs. What economic factors account for this situation? What special problems does this present?

While improved transportation systems provide economic benefits, there may be some associated environmental costs. What are the major environmental costs associated with transportation and what are their potential negative impacts?

How do companies and government agencies work together to build globally stable transportation networks?