Concept explainers
Sameerah is trying to determine the standard hours to make one unit. She has studied the manufacturing process and is trying to determine what portion of the employees’ time should be included in the Standard time to make the product. She knows that the actual time the worker is assembling, cutting, and painting should be part of the standard hours. She is questioning whether setup, down time, rest periods, and cleanup should be part of the standard hours. Explain why you would or would not include these times.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 8 Solutions
Principles of Accounting Volume 2
Additional Business Textbook Solutions
Managerial Accounting (5th Edition)
Financial Accounting (11th Edition)
Financial Accounting, Student Value Edition (4th Edition)
Intermediate Accounting
Financial Accounting (12th Edition) (What's New in Accounting)
Cost Accounting (15th Edition)
- Darnell Poston, owner of Poston Manufacturing, Inc., wants to determine the cost behavior of labor and overhead. Darnell pays his workers a salary; during busy times, everyone works to get the orders out. Temps (temporary workers hired through an agency) may be hired to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment. During slower times, Darnell catches up on bookkeeping and administrative tasks while the salaried workers do preventive maintenance, clean the lines and building, etc. Temps are not hired during slow times. Darnell found that workers salaries, temp agency payments, rentals, utilities, and plant and equipment depreciation are the largest dollar accounts. He believes that workers salaries and plant and equipment depreciation are fixed, temp agency payments are associated with the number of orders (since temp workers are used to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment), and electricity is associated with the number of machine hours. When the number of different parts stored by Poston exceeds the space in the materials storeroom, Darnell rents nearby warehouse space. He can rent as much or as little space as he wants on a month-to-month basis. Therefore, he believes warehouse rental payments are variable with the number of parts purchased and stored. The account balances for the past six months as well as the six-month total are as follows: Information on number of machine hours, orders, and parts for the six-month period follows: Required: 1. Calculate the monthly average account balance for each account. Calculate the average monthly amount for each of the three drivers. 2. Calculate fixed monthly cost and the variable rates for temp agency payments, warehouse rent, and electricity. Express the results in the form of an equation for total cost. 3. In July, Darnell predicts there will be 420 orders, 250 parts, and 5,900 machine hours. What is the total labor and overhead cost for July? 4. What if Darnell buys a new machine in July for 24,000? The machine is expected to last 10 years and will have no salvage value at the end of that time. What part of the cost equation will be affected? How? What is the new expected cost in July?arrow_forwardIt is your first day at a new job and you talk about the themes of cost system design. One of your new colleagues asks, “If different cost information is used for different purposes, does that mean we do not know what something costs? I thought that was what a cost system reported.” How would you respond?arrow_forwardStan is opening a coffee shop next to Big State University. He knows that controlling his costs will be important to the success of the shop. He will not be able to work all the hours the shop is open, so the employees will need some guidelines to perform their jobs correctly. After talking to an accounting professor, he decides he needs a standard cost system for his shop. Describe the process Stan should follow in setting his standards for materials and labor.arrow_forward
- The following describes the job responsibilities of two employees of Barney Manufacturing.Joan Dennison, Cost Accounting Manager. Joan is responsible for measuring and collectingcosts associated with the manufacture of the garden hose product line. She is also responsiblefor preparing periodic reports that compare the actual costs with planned costs. These reportsare provided to the production line managers and the plant manager. Joan helps to explain andinterpret the reports.Steven Swasey, Production Manager. Steven is responsible for the manufacture of thehigh-quality garden hose. He supervises the line workers, helps to develop the productionschedule, and is responsible for seeing that production quotas are met. He is also held accountable for controlling manufacturing costs.Required:CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify Joan and Steven as line or staff and explain yourreasons.arrow_forwardThe computer workstation furniture manufacturing that Santana Rey started for Business Solutions is progressing well. Santana uses a job order costing system to account for the production costs of this product line. Santana is wondering whether process costing might be a better method for her to keep track of and monitor her production costs. Required 1. What are the features that distinguish job order costing from process costing? 2. Should Santana continue to use job order costing or switch to process costing for her workstation furniture manufacturing? Explain.arrow_forwardPaula Woodward is the head of the Information Systems Department at Mo Manufacturing Company. Roland Randolph, the company’s controller, is meeting with her to discuss changes in data gathering that relate to the company’s new flexible manufacturing system. Woodward opens the conversation by saying, “Roland, the old job order costing methods just will not work with the new flexible manufacturing system. The new system is based on continuous product flow, not batch processing. We need to change to a process costing system for both data gathering and product costing. Otherwise, our product costs will be way off, and it will affect our pricing decisions. I found out about this at a professional seminar I attended last month. You should have been there.” Randolph responds, “Job order costing has provided accurate information for this product line for more than 15 years. Why should we change just because we’ve purchased a new machine? We’ve purchased several machines for this line over the…arrow_forward
- The management of a liquid cleaning product company is trying to decide whether to install a job or process costing system. The manufacturing vice president has stated that job costing gives the best control because it is possible to assign costs to specific lots of goods. The controller, however, has stated that job costing requires too much record-keeping. Would a process costing system meet the manufacturing vice president’s control objectives? Explain.arrow_forwardJoan owns a print shop and has a difficult time fighting out what to bid on jobs. She knows how to estimate the cost of materials and labor on different jobs but is confused about how to handle many other costs she knows she incurs to run the shop. These include utilities, cleaning staff, property taxes on the building, and other expenses. Many of these types of costs vary from month to month. In addition, she often does not know the amounts until some time after the jobs are completed. Write a memo to Joan explaining how she should apply her overhead costs in developing bids on her jobs.arrow_forwardI need help solving the following problem. Elizabeth Flanigan and Associates is an engineering and design firm that specializes in developing plans for recycling plants for municipalities. The firm uses a job costing system to accumlate the cost associated with each design project. Flanigan employs three levels of employee: senior engineers, associate engineers, and clerical staff. The salary cost of the clerical staff is included in overhead, along with the cost of engineering supplies, automobile travel, and equipment depreciation. The cost of airline travel, motels, building permits, and fees from other consultants is charged to each project as direct materials. Overhead is applied to projects using a predetermined overhead rate based on total engineering hours. The rate for 20X0 is $5 per hour. The six different salary levels for 20X1 for the employees of Elizabeth Flanigan and Associates are listed below. The hourly rate is determined by dividing the yearly salary by 2,000…arrow_forward
- What factors would you consider in deciding whether to use direct labor dollars or direct labor hours in charging overhead to jobs in a service firm?arrow_forwardThe following describes the job responsibilities of two employees of Barney Manufacturing. Joan Dennison, Cost Accounting Manager. Joan is responsible for measuring and collecting costs associated with the manufacture of the garden hose product line. She is also responsible for preparing periodic reports that compare the actual costs with planned costs. These reports are provided to the production line managers and the plant manager. Joan helps to explain and interpret the reports. Steven Swasey, Production Manager. Steven is responsible for the manufacture of the high-quality garden hose. He supervises the line workers, helps to develop the production schedule, and is responsible for seeing that production quotas are met. He is also held accountable for controlling manufacturing costs. Required: CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify Joan and Steven as line or staff and explain your reasons.arrow_forwardThe comptroller wants to set the standards according to a study done by a consulting firm for a company. The consulting firm used the following assumptions: The machines never break down. Workers never take a break. The material used is perfect. The material arrives on time. No one takes a day off. Workers are well trained. Workers do not make defective units. What kinds of standards are these? Will the workers be motivated to achieve these standards?arrow_forward
- Principles of Accounting Volume 2AccountingISBN:9781947172609Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax CollegeManagerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Busines...AccountingISBN:9781337115773Author:Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. HeitgerPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Cost AccountingAccountingISBN:9781305087408Author:Edward J. Vanderbeck, Maria R. MitchellPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage Learning