Interpretation:
The structure and properties that arise from the respective structures of diamond and graphite should be explained.
Concept introduction:
- The different physical forms in which an element can exist are termed as allotropes.
- Carbon exists in 3 forms: graphite, diamond and fullerene (C60).
- In each of the three forms, carbon atoms are linked together via covalent bonds. However, they differ in the arrangement of C-C bonds and the shape of the molecules.
Answer to Problem 1CO
Solution:
Diamond forms a three dimensional lattice like structure, whereas graphite forms two dimensional sheet like structures.
Explanation of Solution
In the structure of diamond each carbon atom is linked to four other carbon atoms forming a three dimensional network of strong covalent bonds. As a result diamond, is one of the hardest elements on earth. It has a high density and a high melting point.
In graphite, each carbon atom is linked to three other carbon atoms resulting in the formation of sheet like structures that are weakly held by vander-waals forces. In contrast to diamond, graphite is a soft material with low density and a low melting point.
Conclusion:
Hence, a difference in the arrangement of the carbon atoms imparts different properties to diamond and graphite.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
CHEM FOR ENGNRNG SDNTS (EBOOK) W/ACCES
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