About the evolution of aerobic respiration and oxygen-releasing photosynthetic processes based on the fact the oxygen would not exist in the Earth’s atmosphere today if it were not constantly replenished by organisms that release oxygen as a waste product of photosynthesis. Concept introduction: Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration , in which the oxygen is consumed as a reactant to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the most efficient mode of respiration in most of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It involves a complete combustion or degradation of sugars or organic fuels and produces CO 2 , water, and ATP.

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Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 8, Problem 18TYU

Summary Introduction

To explain: About the evolution of aerobic respiration and oxygen-releasing photosynthetic processes based on the fact the oxygen would not exist in the Earth’s atmosphere today if it were not constantly replenished by organisms that release oxygen as a waste product of photosynthesis.

Concept introduction: Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration, in which the oxygen is consumed as a reactant to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the most efficient mode of respiration in most of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It involves a complete combustion or degradation of sugars or organic fuels and produces CO₂, water, and ATP.

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Which of the following statements about cellular respiration is TRUE in eukaryotes? A. For every molecule of NADH oxidized in the electron transport chain, 1 molecule of ATP is produced. B. ATP synthase harnesses the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space to produce ATP. C. ATP synthase transduces the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix into kinetic (mechanical) energy D. H2O is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, being oxidized to O2 and H+. E. All of the above are true

The citric acid cycle functions to completely oxidize glucose in the presence of oxygen, allowing for a large amount of ATP to be produced within the cell through oxidative phosphorylation. Free oxygen did not always exist within the atmosphere of Earth, meaning that early life forms relied solely on glycolysis and fermentation to extract energy from macromolecules. What role did the increase in atmospheric oxygen play in the evolution of life on Earth? Frame your answer in terms of the energy derived from cellular respiration in the presence and absence of oxygen.

why would photorespiration persist in the face of what must be strong evolutionary pressure to reduce or eliminate the unwanted reaction with oxygen?

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 8, Problem 18TYU

Summary Introduction

To explain: About the evolution of aerobic respiration and oxygen-releasing photosynthetic processes based on the fact the oxygen would not exist in the Earth’s atmosphere today if it were not constantly replenished by organisms that release oxygen as a waste product of photosynthesis.

Concept introduction: Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration, in which the oxygen is consumed as a reactant to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the most efficient mode of respiration in most of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It involves a complete combustion or degradation of sugars or organic fuels and produces CO₂, water, and ATP.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 8, Problem 18TYU

Summary Introduction

To explain: About the evolution of aerobic respiration and oxygen-releasing photosynthetic processes based on the fact the oxygen would not exist in the Earth’s atmosphere today if it were not constantly replenished by organisms that release oxygen as a waste product of photosynthesis.

Concept introduction: Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration, in which the oxygen is consumed as a reactant to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the most efficient mode of respiration in most of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. It involves a complete combustion or degradation of sugars or organic fuels and produces CO₂, water, and ATP.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Set of metabolic processes and reactions that produce energy from organic substances such as glucose. Cellular respiration takes place in the organism’s cells, where the chemical energy from nutrients or molecules of oxygen is converted into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration; in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.

Chapter 8, Problem 18TYU

Summary Introduction