
Concept explainers
To estimate the age of an organism, archaeologists measure the amount of carbon- 14 left in its remains. The approximate amount of carbon- 14 remaining after 5000 years can be found using the formula A=A0(2.7)−35
where A0 is the initial amount of carbon- 14 in the sample that is tested. How much carbon- 14 is left in a sample that is 5000 years old and originally contained 5.0×10−3 grams of carbon-14? Write your answer in scientific notation.

To calculate: the approximate amount of carbon -14 remaining after 5000 years in scientific notation and originally contained 5.0×10−3 grams of carbon -14.
Answer to Problem 39P
The approximated amount of carbon -14 after 5000 years = 1.738408135×10−4 grams
Explanation of Solution
Given:
He have given that initial amount of carbon -14 in a sample that is 5000 years old
=5.0×10−3 grams
Formula used:
Also he have given the formula used for this problem is
A=A0.(2.7)−3/5
Where A0 is the initial amount of carbon -14 in a sample that is 5000 years old .
AndA is the approximated value of carbon -14 that we have to calculate.
Scientific Notation rules or definition
The proper format for scientific notation is a×10b where a is a number or decimal number such that the absolute value of a is greater than or equal to one and less than ten or,
1 ≤ |a| < 10 And b is the power of 10 required so that the scientific notation is mathematically equivalent to the original number.
Calculation :
Hence now we put the initial amount of carbon -14 in the above formula
We getA= 5.0 ×10−3. (2.7)−3/5
=5.0 ×10−3. (27/10)−3/5
=5.0 ×10−3.10−3/5(27)−3/5
=5.0 ×10−3−3/5(33)−3/5
=5.0 ×10−18/5(3)−9/5
=5.0 ×(102)−9/5(3)−9/5 =5.0 ×(102.3)−9/5 =5.0 ×(300)−9/5 =5.0 ×3.47681627 × 10−5 =17.38408135×10−5 =1.738408135×10−4
which is the required scientific notation.
Conclusion:
Hence approximated value of carbon -14 after 5000 years= 1.738408135×10−4
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