In Exercises 24 through 29, consider a dynamical system x → ( t + 1 ) = A x → ( t ) with two components. The accompanying sketch shows the initial state vector x → 0 and two eigenvectors, υ → 1 and υ → 2 , of A (with eigenvalues λ 1 and λ 2 , respectively). For the given values of λ 1 and λ 2 , sketch a rough trajectory. Consider the future and the past of the system. 24. λ 1 = 1.1 , λ 2 = 0.9
In Exercises 24 through 29, consider a dynamical system x → ( t + 1 ) = A x → ( t ) with two components. The accompanying sketch shows the initial state vector x → 0 and two eigenvectors, υ → 1 and υ → 2 , of A (with eigenvalues λ 1 and λ 2 , respectively). For the given values of λ 1 and λ 2 , sketch a rough trajectory. Consider the future and the past of the system. 24. λ 1 = 1.1 , λ 2 = 0.9
Solution Summary: The author illustrates the rough trajectory of the system for the Eigen values.
In Exercises 24 through 29, consider a dynamical system
x
→
(
t
+
1
)
=
A
x
→
(
t
)
with two components. The accompanying sketch shows the initial state vector
x
→
0
and two eigenvectors,
υ
→
1
and
υ
→
2
, of A (with eigenvalues
λ
1
and
λ
2
, respectively). For the given values of
λ
1
and
λ
2
, sketch a rough trajectory. Consider the future and the past of the system.
24.
λ
1
=
1.1
,
λ
2
=
0.9
Quantities that have magnitude and direction but not position. Some examples of vectors are velocity, displacement, acceleration, and force. They are sometimes called Euclidean or spatial vectors.
For the following systems, the origin is the equilibrium point.
dx
a) Write each system in matrix form = Ax.
dt
5.
b)
Determine the eigenvalues of A.
c) State whether the origin is a stable or unstable equilibrium.
d)
State whether the origin is a node, saddle point, spiral point, or center.
e) State the equations of the straight-line trajectories and tell whether they are going
towards or away from the origin. If none exist, state so.
f)
If A has real eigenvalues, then determine the eigenvectors and use diagonalization to
solve the system. (See examples in Section 7.4)
dx
dt
dy
dt
= -3x + 4y
= 2x - 5y
A) Find the Eigenvalue and Eigenvector
B) Classify the critical point (0,0) and state
if it's stable or unstable.
c) Sketch the trajectories in a phase plane.
dx
3
-4
X
dt
1
-1
Find the equilibrium points and linearize the system—compute eigenvalues at each point. Note: there are THREE equilibrium points for this nonlinear system!
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