Concept explainers
Tendons. Tendons are strong elastic fibers that attach muscles to bones. To a reasonable approximation, they obey Hooke’s law. In laboratory tests on a particular tendon, it was found that, when a 250 g object was hung from it, the tendon stretched 1.23 cm. (a) Find the force constant of this tendon in N/m. (b) Because of its thickness, the maximum tension this tendon can support without rupturing is 138 N. By how much can the tendon stretch without rupturing, and how much energy is stored in it at that point?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
College Physics (10th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
University Physics Volume 2
University Physics Volume 1
Physics: Principles with Applications
Glencoe Physical Science 2012 Student Edition (Glencoe Science) (McGraw-Hill Education)
Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
Introduction to Electrodynamics
- A spring of unstreched length 25 cm is pulled in a horizontal direction with 150 N force. Since we apply a force in a horizontal direction, the spring is stretched to 28 cm. Now we suspend the spring from a hook in a vertical direction and attached a 15 kg mass at the bottom. How long my spring will stretch?arrow_forwardAn 8.0-cm-long spring is attached to the ceiling. When a 2.3 kg mass is hung from it, the spring stretches to a length of 16 cm. How long is the spring when a 3.0 kg mass is suspended from it? y=arrow_forwardThe nuchal ligament in a horse supports the weight of the horse’s head. This ligament is much more elastic than a typical ligament, stretching from 15% to 45% longer than its resting length as a horse’s head moves up and down while it runs. This stretch of the ligament stores energy, making locomotion more efficient. Measurements on a segment of ligament show a linear stress-versusstrain relationship until the stress approaches 0.80. Smoothed data for the stretch are shown. Suppose the ligament has a circular cross section. For a certain ligament, an investigator measures the restoring force at a strain of 0.40. If the ligament is replaced with one that has twice the diameter, by what factor does the restoring force increase?A. 1.4B. 2C. 4D. 8arrow_forward
- The nuchal ligament in a horse supports the weight of the horse’s head. This ligament is much more elastic than a typical ligament, stretching from 15% to 45% longer than its resting length as a horse’s head moves up and down while it runs. This stretch of the ligament stores energy, making locomotion more efficient. Measurements on a segment of ligament show a linear stress-versusstrain relationship until the stress approaches 0.80. Smoothed data for the stretch are shown. The segment of ligament tested has a resting length of 40 mm. How long is the ligament at a strain of 0.60?A. 46 mmB. 52 mmC. 58 mmD. 64 mmarrow_forwardThe nuchal ligament in a horse supports the weight of the horse’s head. This ligament is much more elastic than a typical ligament, stretching from 15% to 45% longer than its resting length as a horse’s head moves up and down while it runs. This stretch of the ligament stores energy, making locomotion more efficient. Measurements on a segment of ligament show a linear stress-versusstrain relationship until the stress approaches 0.80. Smoothed data for the stretch are shown. What is the approximate Young’s modulus for the ligament?A. 4 x 105 N/m2B. 8 x 105 N/m2C. 3 x 106 N/m2D. 6 x 106 N/m2arrow_forwardA muscle cell in the biceps is 23 cm long and contains 1500 myofibrils arranged in parallel to each other. each myofibril is made up of many sarcomeres, organized in series, that behave as springs. A relaxed sarcomere is 5 μm long. When contracted, the cell shortens to half its length and develops a force of 33 mN. Each of those structures, the cell, myofibril, and sarcomere, can be modeled as a spring.When we shiver in the cold, our muscles oscillate at a frequency of 13 Hz and with an amplitude of 5 cm. Assume a muscle is a simple harmonic oscillatory and calculate the mass of the load on that oscillator. Calculate the mass of the load on a single myofibril.Calculate the mass of the load on a single sarcomere.arrow_forward
- A muscle cell in the biceps is 23 cm long and contains 1500 myofibrils arranged in parallel to each other. each myofibril is made up of many sarcomeres, organized in series, that behave as springs. A relaxed sarcomere is 5 μm long. When contracted, the cell shortens to half its length and develops a force of 33 mN. Each of those structures, the cell, myofibril, and sarcomere, can be modeled as a spring.Calculate the spring constant of a muscle cell.The 1500 myofibrils in the muscle cell are arranged in parallel. Calculate the spring constant of a single myofibril. The myofibrils are composed of sarcomeres that are arranged in series. Calculate the number of sarcomeres in each myofibril then calculate the spring constant of a single sarcomere. When we shiver in the cold, our muscles oscillate at a frequency of 13 Hz and with an amplitude of 5 cm. Assume a muscle is a simple harmonic oscillatory and calculate the mass of the load on that oscillator. Calculate the mass of the load on a…arrow_forwardMany caterpillars construct cocoons from silk, one of the strongest naturally occurring materials known. Each thread is typically 2.0 µm in diameter, and the silk has a Young's modulus of 4.0 x 10° N/m2. Assuming that there is no appreciable space between the parallel strands, how many strands N would be needed to strands N = make a rope 8.2 m long that would stretch only 1.02 cm when supporting a pair of 83-kg mountain climbers? Again assuming that there is no appreciable space between the cm parallel strands, what would be the diameter d of the rope? d =arrow_forwardA bungee jumper stands on the top of a bridge, if her bungee cord is 24.0 m long and has a spring coefficient of 283 N/m and she has a mass of 48.3 kg. How tall must this bridge be for her bungee cord to stretch all the way to the ground? Number Unitsarrow_forward
- An ornament of mass 36.9 g is attached to a vertical ideal spring with a force constant (spring constant) of 51.8 N/m. The ornament is then lowered very slowly until the spring stops stretching. How much does the spring stretch?arrow_forwardConsider an ideal spring which obeys Hooke's Law perfectly. When a force of 3 N is applied to the spring, the spring stretches by 2.4 cm. How much does it stretch by, when a force of 4.2N is applied? O The spring stretches by 3.4 cm when a force of 4.2 N is applied. O The spring stretches by 1.4 cm when a force of 4.2 N is applied. O The spring stretches by 1.9 cm when a force of 4.2 N is applied. The spring stretches by 1.0 cm when a force of 4.2 N is applied. The spring stretches by 3.8 cm when a force of 4.2 N is applied.arrow_forwardThe force required to slowly stretch a spring varies from 0 n to 296 N as the spring is extended by 15 cm from its unstressed length. What is the force constant of the spring?arrow_forward
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics (14th Edition)PhysicsISBN:9780133969290Author:Hugh D. Young, Roger A. FreedmanPublisher:PEARSONIntroduction To Quantum MechanicsPhysicsISBN:9781107189638Author:Griffiths, David J., Schroeter, Darrell F.Publisher:Cambridge University Press
- Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningLecture- Tutorials for Introductory AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9780321820464Author:Edward E. Prather, Tim P. Slater, Jeff P. Adams, Gina BrissendenPublisher:Addison-WesleyCollege Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Editio...PhysicsISBN:9780134609034Author:Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart FieldPublisher:PEARSON