Kruskal's Algorithm: Kruskal's algorithm is a minimum-spanning-tree algorithm which finds an edge of the least possible weight that connects any two trees in the forest. This algorithm is a Greedy Algorithm. The steps to find a MST using this algorithm are as follows: Sort all the edges in non-decreasing order of their weight. Pick the smallest edge. Check if it forms a cycle with the spanning tree formed so far. If cycle is not formed, include this edge. Else, discard it. Repeat step2 until there are (V-1) edges in the spanning tree. Example with 10 vertices and 20 weighted edges:

. In a B+-tree, there can be at most 4 search-key values in each node. Assume that the height of the B+-tree is 2. The height of the tree is the length of the path from the root to a leaf node. Let N1 be a node in the tree. N1 is neither a leaf nor the root. What is the minimum number of children that N1 can have?

Given a binary tree, let an H-node be defined as a non-leaf node in the tree whose value is greater than or equal to its children nodes (1 or 2 children). Write a function, countHNodes(), that returns the number of H-nodes in a binary tree (pointed by p) using recursion.