College Physics
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134601823
Author: ETKINA, Eugenia, Planinšič, G. (gorazd), Van Heuvelen, Alan
Publisher: Pearson,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 80RPP
BIO Heartbeat detector A prisoner tries to escape from a Nashville, Tennessee prison by hiding in the laundry truck. The prisoner is surprised when the truck is stopped at the gate. A guard enters the truck and handcuffs him. “How did you know I was here?” the prisoner asks. “The heartbeat detector,” says the guard.
A heartbeat detector senses the tiny vibrations caused by blood pumped from the heart. With each heartbeat, blood is pumped upward to the aorta, and the body recoils slightly, conserving the momentum of the blood-body system. The body’s vibrations are transferred to the inside of the truck. Vibration sensors on the outside of the truck are linked to a geophone, or signal amplifier, attached to a computer. A wave analyzer program in the computer compares vibration signals from the truck to wavelets produced by heartbeat vibrations. The wave analyzer distinguishes a person’s heartbeat from other vibrations in the truck or in the surrounding environment, allowing guards to detect the presence of a human in the truck.
A heartbeat detector relies on a geophone placed against the exterior of a truck or car. What can cause the vibrations of the truck or car?
a. Wind
b. Ground vibrations due to other moving cars or trucks
c. Vibrations of passengers in the car or truck
d. All of the above
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QUESTION 2
Problem
A new type of force was discovered by physicists with the following expression:
a
Fnew =
+ Be* + 3x4
where alpha & beta are constants, and x is the position. The expression above was obtained from the interaction of a massless Higgs Boson (a type of particle) and
a black hole.
Quantum physicists then decides to design and build a machine that is able to move the Higgs Boson from x2 to x1. How much work should the machine do to
achieve this feat? (For simplicity, consider that no energy is lost in the process)
Solution
To determine the work done we apply the following
W =
dx
Evaluating the above, we get
W =
| +
for the limits from xj to xf
substituting x1 and x2 as the limits, the work done is expressed as
| + B
X1
W =
( x15 - x25 )
QUESTION 5
Problem
A new type of force was discovered by physicists with the following expression:
a
Fnew
+ Bex + 3x4
where alpha & beta are constants, and x is the position. The expression above was obtained from the interaction of a massless Higgs Boson (a type of
particle) and a black hole.
Quantum physicists then decides to design and build a machine that is able to move the Higgs Boson from x2 to x1. How much work should the machine do
to achieve this feat? (For simplicity, consider that no energy is lost in the process)
Solution
determine the work done we apply the following
W =
dx
Evaluating the above, we get
W =
e
+
for the limits from x¡ to xf
substituting x1 and x2 as the limits, the work done is expressed as
W =
| + B
X1
( x15 .
x25 )
The answer may be One or more than one
Choose the correct statements about an isolated system.
a.
An isolated system can exchange particles but not energy with its surroundings.
b.
An isolated system is far from the observer.
c.
ΔSsystem = ΔStotal
d.
An isolated system cannot exchange particles or energy with the surroundings.
e.
An isolated system is always in equilibrium with its surroundings.
Chapter 6 Solutions
College Physics
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