ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 2TERM
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781319403959
Author: ATKINS
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6D.2BST
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
pH definition:
The concentration of hydrogen ion is measured using
The
On rearranging, the concentration of hydrogen ion
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When the terminal phosphate is cleaved from the adenosine triphosphate molecule, the products are adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate, ATP + H2O ––> ADP + Pi, where Pi stands for the various forms of phosphate that exist at the pH of the particular solution. If the total concentration of Pi is 2.5 x 10–2M, what are the concentrations of the predominant forms of phosphate that exist at pH 7.4?
Carbonic acid, H2CO3, undergoes the following acid base equilibria:
H2CO3,=H*(aq) + HCO3 (aq) =H*(aq) + CO3² (aq).
The pKa values for the first and second steps are 3.6 and 6.3, respectively.
The pH of human blood is 7.37 and this is tightly regulated. Which of the following
statements most accurately describes the concentrations of the different species
in the above reaction.
A) [H2CO3(aq)] is much larger than the
other species
B) [H¿CO3(aq)] and [HCO3¯(aq)] are
much larger than the other species
C) [HCO3 (aq)] and [CO32 (aq)] are
much larger than the other species
D) [CO3? (aq)] is much larger than the
other species
3) One of the main buffer systems found in living organisms is the phosphate buffer
system, often used in biological research to mimic cellular conditions. The
phosphate equilibrium reactions and their corresponding pKa's are as follows:
H3PO4 = H* + H2PO,
H2PO, = H+ + HPO?-
HPO- = H+ + PO;-
pKa1
pКаz —D 7.21
= 12.44
= 2.12
pKa3
(a) Given the above chemical reaction, write out the expression for K, of the buffer
system which would predominate at neutral pH conditions. Justify your choice.
(b) The human body, and many other lifeforms, prefer an internal pH of 7.2 to
maintain homeostasis. However, some more acid-tolerant or basic-tolerant
organisms can survive (and sometimes thrive) within different ranges of pH.
Calculate the mass and moles of the correct acid and corresponding conjugate base
solid (assume you have sodium salts of each base: NaH,PO4, Na,HPO4, and
Na PO,) which are needed to make 500 mL of a 0.5 M buffer solution (0.5 M total,
including the concentration of acid and base…
Chapter 6 Solutions
ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 2TERM
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6A.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6A.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6A.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6A.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6A.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6A.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.4E
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.17ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.18ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.19ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.20ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.21ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.22ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.23ECh. 6 - Prob. 6A.24ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6B.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6B.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6B.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6B.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6B.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6B.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6B.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6C.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6C.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6C.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6C.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6C.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6C.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.17ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.18ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.19ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.20ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.21ECh. 6 - Prob. 6C.22ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.5ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.5BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.6ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.6BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6D.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.17ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.18ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.19ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.20ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.21ECh. 6 - Prob. 6D.22ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6E.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6E.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6E.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6E.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6E.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.17ECh. 6 - Prob. 6E.18ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6F.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6F.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6F.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6F.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6F.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6G.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.19ECh. 6 - Prob. 6G.20ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.5ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.5BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6H.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.21ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.22ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.23ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.24ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.25ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.26ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.27ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.28ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.29ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.30ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.31ECh. 6 - Prob. 6H.32ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6I.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6I.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6J.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6J.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6J.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6J.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6J.17ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6K.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6K.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6K.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6K.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6K.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6L.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6L.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6L.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6L.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6L.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6L.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6L.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6M.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6M.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6M.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6M.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6M.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6N.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.21ECh. 6 - Prob. 6N.23ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.1ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.1BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.2ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.2BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.3ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.3BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.4ASTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.4BSTCh. 6 - Prob. 6O.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.2ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.7ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.15ECh. 6 - Prob. 6O.16ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.1ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.3ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.4ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.5ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.6ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.8ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.9ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.10ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.11ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.12ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.13ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.14ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.25ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.40ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.41ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.43ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.45ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.46ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.47ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.51ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.53ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.65ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.75ECh. 6 - Prob. 6.77E
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