Chapter 6, Problem 6.40P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pair $\left({\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{,Cl}}^{\text{-}}\right)$ that has largest ion has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Rules to compare the size of two ions:

1. 1) For ions from the same parent species, cation is smaller in ion than its parent and anion is bigger.

   For example: ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ ion is smaller than sodium, chlorine ion is bigger than chlorine.

2. 2) Higher the magnitude of charge on cation smaller is the size of the cation.

   For example:  ${\text{Fe}}^{\text{2+}}$ is bigger than ${\text{Fe}}^{\text{3+}}.$

3. 3) Higher than magnitude of charge on anion larger the size of anion.

   For example:  ${\text{N}}^{\text{2-}}$ is smaller than ${\text{N}}^{\text{3-}}\text{.}$

In case of isoelectronic species, the species with higher atomic number is always smaller in size.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pair $\left({\text{Au}}^{\text{+}}{\text{,Hg}}^{\text{2+}}\right)$ that has larger ion has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pair $\left({\text{Cr}}^{\text{+}}{\text{,Mn}}^{\text{2+}}\right)$ that has larger ion has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pair $\left({\text{P}}^{\text{3-}}{\text{,S}}^{\text{2-}}\right)$ that has larger ion has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).