Pearson eText for Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780137505586
Author: Michael Mamlouk, John Zaniewski
Publisher: PEARSON+
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.16QP
Students in the materials class prepared three mortar mixes with water to cement ratios of 0.50, 0.55, and 0.60. Three 50-mm mortar cubes were prepared for each mix. The cubes were cured for 7 days and then tested for compressive strength. The test results were as shown in Table P6.16.
Determine the following:
a. The compressive strength of each cube.
b. The average compressive strength for each mix.
c. Plot the average compressive strength versus w/c ratios for all mixes.
d. Comment on the effect of increasing w/c ratio on the compressive strength of the cubes.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
2. In a ready-mix concrete plant, cylindrical samples are prepared and tested periodically to detect
any mix problem and to ensure that the compressive strength is higher than the lower specification limit.
The minimum target value was set at 5,000 psi. The following compressive strength data were collected.
Sample
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Compressive
strength (psi)
5595
5139
6359
5192
5188
5241
5964
5875
6155
5115
Sample
No.
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Compressive
strength (psi)
6695
5449
5278
6697
5195
6021
5320
5657
6595
5235
a. Calculate the mean, standard deviation, and the coefficient of variation of the data
b. Using a spreadsheet program, create a control chart for these data showing the target value and the
lower specification limit. Is the plant production meeting the specification requirement? If not, comment
on possible reasons. Comment on the data scatter.
6.31 The results of a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of a plasticizer
are shown below.
a. Calculate the water/cement in each of the three cases.
b. Using water reducer, how can we increase the compressive strength of con-
crete without changing workability? Refer to the appropriate case in the table.
244
Chapter 6 Portland Cement, Mixing Water, and Admixtures
With Water Reducer
Without Water
Reducer
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Cement Content, kg/m
850
850
850
765
Water Content, kg/m
Slump, mm
Compressive Strength, MPa
465
465
370
419
50
100
50
50
37.8
38.0
46
37.9
c. Using water reducer, how can we improve workability without channging
the compressive strength? Refer to the appropriate case in the table.
d. Using water reducer, how can we reduce cost without changing workability
or strength? (Assume that the cost of the small amount of water reducer
added is less than the cost of cement.) Refer to the appropriate case in the
table.
Summarize all possible effects of water…
A concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic meter:
Cement%3D400 kg
Water=184 kg
No admixture
Table below shows possible alternatives mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the
table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as
increase, decrease or approximately the same.
What will happen?
Cement
Water
Admixture
(kg)
(kg)
Ultimate compressive
Workability
strength
400
225
None
449
184
None
Water
400
184
Reducer
Water
400
128
Reducer
400
184
Super
Plasticizer
400
184
Air Entrainer
400
184
Accelerator
DFocus
Chapter 6 Solutions
Pearson eText for Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 6 - What ingredients are used for the production of...Ch. 6 - What is the role of gypsum in the production of...Ch. 6 - What is a typical value for the fineness of...Ch. 6 - What are the primary chemical reactions during the...Ch. 6 - Define the C-S-H phase of cement paste.Ch. 6 - What are the four main chemical compounds in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.7QPCh. 6 - Define a. interlayer hydration space b. capillary...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.9QPCh. 6 - The following laboratory tests are performed: a....
Ch. 6 - What is a false set of portland cement? State one...Ch. 6 - The watercement ratio is important because it...Ch. 6 - Discuss the effect of watercement ratio on the...Ch. 6 - Draw a graph to show the general relationship...Ch. 6 - Students in the materials class prepared three...Ch. 6 - Students in the materials class prepared three...Ch. 6 - Two batches of cement mortar with properties as...Ch. 6 - What are the five primary types and functions of...Ch. 6 - Why isnt pozzolan used with Type III cement?Ch. 6 - What type of cement would you use in each of the...Ch. 6 - In order to evaluate the suitability of nonpotable...Ch. 6 - Three standard mortar cubes were made using...Ch. 6 - Four standard mortar cubes were made using...Ch. 6 - Discuss the problem of disposal of waste water...Ch. 6 - State five types of admixtures and discuss their...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.27QPCh. 6 - Under what condition is an air-entraining agent...Ch. 6 - If a water reducer is added to the concrete mix...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.30QPCh. 6 - A concrete mix includes the following ingredients...Ch. 6 - The results of an experiment to evaluate the...Ch. 6 - The results of a laboratory experiment to evaluate...Ch. 6 - Referring to Table P6.34, Mix No. 1 was designed...Ch. 6 - Two batches of concrete cylinders were made with...Ch. 6 - Two batches of concrete cylinders were made with...Ch. 6 - What is the source of fly ash? Why is fly ash...Ch. 6 - A materials engineer is working in a research...Ch. 6 - A materials engineer is working in a research...
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
A nozzle at A discharges water with an initial velocity of 36 ft/s at an angle with the horizontal. Determine ...
Vector Mechanics For Engineers
Porter’s competitive forces model: The model is used to provide a general view about the firms, the competitors...
Management Information Systems: Managing The Digital Firm (16th Edition)
17–1C A high-speed aircraft is cruising in still air. How does the temperature of air at the nose of the aircra...
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
What is an uninitialized variable?
Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design (5th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
Assume a telephone signal travels through a cable at two-thirds the speed of light. How long does it take the s...
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Why is the study of database technology important?
Database Concepts (8th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, civil-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 1.40 In a ready-mix plant, cylindrical samples are prepared and tested periodically to detect any mix problem and to ensure that the compressive strength is higher than the lower specification limit. The minimum target value was set at 5,000 psi. The following compressive strength data were collected. Compressive Strength (psi) Compressive Strength (psi) Sample No. Sample No. 1 5595 11 6695 2 5139 12 5449 6359 13 5278 4 5192 14 6697 5 5188 15 5195 6. 5241 16 6021 7 5964 17 5320 5875 18 5657 6155 19 6595 10 5115 20 5235 a. Calculate the mean, standard deviation, and the coefficient of variation of the data. b. Using a spreadsheet program, create a control chart for these data showing the target value and the lower specification limit. Is the plant production meeting the specification requirement? If not, comment on possible rea- sons. Comment on the data scatter.arrow_forwardTwo batches of concrete cylinders were made with and without a calcium chloride (CaCl2) accelerator admixture. Six cylinders were made of each batch and submerged in water for different times before testing for compressive strength and the results are shown in Table P6.34. It is required to do the following: a. Using an Excel sheet, plot the relationship between curing time and compressive strength of the two mixes on the same graph. Label all axes and curves. b. Comment on the effect of the accelerator on the compressive strength of PCC at early and late ages. TABLE P6.34 Cylinder no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Water submergence (days) Compressive strength of plain concrete (MPa) Compressive strength of concrete with accelerator (MPa) 1 3 7 14 21 28 0.8 7.8 15.8 21.1 24.5 26.8 6.2 14.8 20.1 24.0 25.9 26.8arrow_forwardThe results of a laboratory experiment to evaluate the effects of a plasticizer are shown.a. Calculate the water/cement in each of the three cases. b. Choose an appropriate case that - by using water reducer, how can we increase the compressive strength of concrete without changing workability? (Refer to the appropriate case in the table) c. Choose an appropriate case that - by using a water reducer, how can we improve workability without changingthe compressive strength? (Refer to the appropriate case in the table)d. Choose an appropriate case that - by using water reducer, how can we reduce cost without changing workability or strength? (Refer to the appropriate case in the table)arrow_forward
- Three concrete mixes with the same ingredients, except the amount of mixing water, and their slump values were obtained. Three 100 mm * 200 mm concrete cylinders were prepared for each mix. The cylinders were cured for 7 days and then tested for compressive strength. The test results are as shown. Assume that the aggregate was at the saturated surface-dry condition before adding mixing water.It is required to do the following:a. Determine the compressive strength of each cylinder after 7 days.b. Determine the average compressive strength of each mix after 7 days.c. Determine the w/c ratio for each mix.arrow_forward3. A concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic foot: (14 pts.) = 25 lbs. = 11 lbs. Cement Water No Admixture Table shows possible changes that can be made to the mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as increase, decrease, or approximately the same. What WIlII Happen? Ultimate Compressive Strength Cement (Ib) Water (Ib) Admixture Workablity None 25 28 15 11 None Water reducer Water reducer Superplasticizer Air entrainer Accelerator 25 11 25 8. 25 11 25 11 25 11arrow_forwardMay you help me with this?arrow_forward
- What is the effect of water–cement ratio on the permeability of hardened concrete? How does permeability affect the durability of the concrete structure?Using Figure , what is the approximate percent increase in the coefficient of permeability if the water–cement ratio increases from 0.5 to 0.6? Using the same figure, what is the approximate percent increase in the coefficient of permeability if the water–cement ratio increases from 0.5 to 0.7?arrow_forwardA concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic meter: a. Cement = 400 kg b. Water = 176 kg c. No admixture Table P6.30 shows possible changes that can be made to the mix ingredi- ents. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as increase, decrease, or approximately the same.arrow_forwardQ. Using the British methods, design a concrete mix to bear an average compressive strength of 35 MPa at 28 days, to cast a room slab with the following dimensions (5 width x 4 length x 0.2 depth m) and 200 mm space distance of reinforcement. Consider the following properties: o Cement used is type I Portland cement ® Required slump = 30 — 60 mm o Coarse aggregate: ® Crushed rocks * Maximum size of 40 mm, e The fine aggregate: * Crushed rocks = Falls in zone 3 o Assume zone A for figure 1 o AssumeK = 1.64arrow_forward
- Three 150 mm * 300 mm concrete cylinders with water to cement ratios of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8, respectively. After curing for 28 days, the specimens were subjected to increments of compressive loads until failure. The load versus deformation results were as shown in Table .Assuming that the gauge length is the whole specimen height, it is required to do the following:a. The compressive stresses and strains for each specimen at each load increment.b. Plot stresses versus strains for all specimens on one graph.c. The ultimate strength for each specimen.d. The modulus of elasticity as the secant modulus at 40% of the ultimate stress for each specimen. e. The strain at failure for each specimen.f. The toughness for each specimen. g. Comment on the effect of increasing the water–cement ratio on the following:i. Ultimate strengthii. Modulus of elasticityiii. Ductilityiv. Toughness. Curves may be approximated with a series of straight lines.arrow_forwardIf you knew that the cubic compressive strength of a certain type of concrete is 35 MPa, then calculate the resulting load during the examination, the maximum force applied by the test device)? 1- Fission tensile test 2- Fault modulus test 3- Compressive test for cylinderarrow_forwardQ3. Three concrete mixes with the same ingredients, except the amount of mixing water, and their slump values were obtained. Three 100 mm * 200 mm concrete cylinders were prepared for each mix. The cylinders were cured for 7 days and then tested for compressive strength. The test results are as shown in the table below. Assume that the aggregate was at the saturated surface-dry condition before adding mixing water. It is required to do the following: a. Plot the relationship between slump and amount of mixing water for all mixes. Comment on the effect of increasing the amount of water on workability. b. Determine the compressive strength of each cylinder after 7 days. c. Determine the average compressive strength of each mix after 7 days. d. Using the Figure below, estimate the compressive strength after 28 days (fc) for each mix. e. Determine the w/c ratio for each mix. Plot the average fc values versus w/c ratios for all mixes. Comment on the effect of increasing the w/c ratio on the…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Structural Analysis (10th Edition)Civil EngineeringISBN:9780134610672Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Cou...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781337705028Author:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam SivakuganPublisher:Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of Structural AnalysisCivil EngineeringISBN:9780073398006Author:Kenneth M. Leet Emeritus, Chia-Ming Uang, Joel LanningPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Traffic and Highway EngineeringCivil EngineeringISBN:9781305156241Author:Garber, Nicholas J.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Structural Analysis (10th Edition)
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9780134610672
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Cou...
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9781337705028
Author:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of Structural Analysis
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9780073398006
Author:Kenneth M. Leet Emeritus, Chia-Ming Uang, Joel Lanning
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Traffic and Highway Engineering
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9781305156241
Author:Garber, Nicholas J.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Types of Cement; Author: Tyler Ley;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cApoqFALh8s;License: Standard Youtube License