Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 6, Problem 39Q
(a)
To determine
The diameter (in light-years) of the smallest relevant detail that can be discerned in the image, if the angular resolution of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) image is
(b)
To determine
The position (in kilometers) of a U.S dime (diameter 1.8 cm) with an angular size of
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The James Webb Space Telescope has a primary mirror of diameter ? = 6.5metres. When observing at 1100nm wavelength, calculate the minimum angular separation between two stars which can just be resolved; give your answer in arcseconds (arcsec), where 1 arcsec = 1/3600 degree, to 3 decimal places.
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The angular separation in degrees of two objects is (physical separation × 360°) / (2 π × distance). If an individual was observing our solar system from Castor at a distance of 10.2 light years. What angular resolution, in arcsecond, is needed to resolve the Sun-Jupiter system (5.46 AU) as distinct points of light?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 6 - Prob. 4CCCh. 6 - Prob. 5CCCh. 6 - Prob. 6CCCh. 6 - Prob. 7CCCh. 6 - Prob. 8CCCh. 6 - Prob. 9CCCh. 6 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 6 - Prob. 11CCCh. 6 - Prob. 1QCh. 6 - Prob. 2QCh. 6 - Prob. 3QCh. 6 - Prob. 4QCh. 6 - Prob. 5QCh. 6 - Prob. 6QCh. 6 - Prob. 7QCh. 6 - Prob. 8QCh. 6 - Prob. 9QCh. 6 - Prob. 10QCh. 6 - Prob. 11QCh. 6 - Prob. 12QCh. 6 - Prob. 13QCh. 6 - Prob. 14QCh. 6 - Prob. 15QCh. 6 - Prob. 16QCh. 6 - Prob. 17QCh. 6 - Prob. 18QCh. 6 - Prob. 19QCh. 6 - Prob. 20QCh. 6 - Prob. 21QCh. 6 - Prob. 22QCh. 6 - Prob. 23QCh. 6 - Prob. 24QCh. 6 - Prob. 25QCh. 6 - Prob. 26QCh. 6 - Prob. 27QCh. 6 - Prob. 28QCh. 6 - Prob. 29QCh. 6 - Prob. 30QCh. 6 - Prob. 31QCh. 6 - Prob. 32QCh. 6 - Prob. 33QCh. 6 - Prob. 34QCh. 6 - Prob. 35QCh. 6 - Prob. 36QCh. 6 - Prob. 37QCh. 6 - Prob. 38QCh. 6 - Prob. 39QCh. 6 - Prob. 40QCh. 6 - Prob. 41QCh. 6 - Prob. 42QCh. 6 - Prob. 43QCh. 6 - Prob. 44QCh. 6 - Prob. 45Q
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- Recall that Hubble’s Law is given by V=HR; this means that H has units of inverse seconds (1/sec). A convenient laboratory set of units is to give H in km per sec per megaparsec. A parsec is 3.26 light years and the speed of light is 3 X 105 km/sec. Use 3.156 X 107 sec/yr. The first data off the then new Hubble Space telescope suggested a value of H equal to 108 km per sec per megaparsec. What is H in inverse seconds? Hint divide by the number of km in a megaparsec.arrow_forwardThe Gaia spacecraft's telescope has an accuracy of 0.00005 arcsec. The human eye, meanwhile can only resolve about 1 arcminute. How many times better is the resolution of the Gaia spacecraft compared to the human eye?arrow_forwardA mole contains 6.02 * 1023 particles (atoms, molecules, etc.). If you wanted to reach Alpha Centauri (4.367 light-years away) by creating a strand of carbon atoms (0.3 nm diameter), how many moles of carbon would you need? (Note: 1 light-year = 9.46 * 1012km)arrow_forward
- Quasars, an abbreviation for quasi-stellar radio sources, are distant objects that look like stars through a telescope but that emit far more electromagnetic radiation than an entire normal galaxy of stars. An example is the bright object below and to the left of center in Fig; the other elongated objects in this image are normal galaxies. The leading model for the structure of a quasar is a galaxy with a supermassive black hole at its center. In this model, the radiation is emitted by interstellar gas and dust within the galaxy as this material falls toward the black hole. The radiation is thought to emanate from a region just a few light-years in diameter. (The diffuse glow surrounding the bright quasar shown in Fig. is thought to be this quasar’s host galaxy.) To investigate this model of quasars and to study other exotic astronomical objects, the Russian Space Agency has placed a radio telescope in a large orbit around the earth. When this telescope is 77,000 km from earth and the…arrow_forwardOur galaxy is approximately 100,000 light years in diameter and 2,000 light years thick through the plane of the galaxy. If we were to compare the ratio of the diameter galaxy and its thickness to the ratio of the diameter of a CD and its thickness (CD has a diameter of 12 cm and thickness of 0.6 mm), what would be the factor differentiating those ratios? Put differently, if the galaxy were scaled down to the diameter of a CD, how many times thicker or thinner would the galaxy be than the CD? (For example if it would be twice as thick, you would answer 2 and if it were twice as thin you would answer 0.5 (aka 1/2))arrow_forwardOne of the instruments on board the Unreal X-ray Observatory (UXO) has a detector with 3600 pixels x 1800 pixels and a field of view of 30 ar- cmin x 15 arcmin. If each pixel is 24 µm x 24 μm in size, calculate the plate scale, in arcsec mm-¹, and hence determine the focal length of the UXO telescope.arrow_forward
- If an object has been magnified 106 times and appears to be 10-4 m, what is the actual size of the object in pm? Enter your answer in decimal notation, using no units. How many order(s) of magnitude must an atom (100 pm) be magnified to appear 1 m long?arrow_forwardWhat is the area of an 23 meter telescope, consider the area of a circlearrow_forwardThe Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) flies at an average altitude of 280km above the Martian Surface. If its cameras have an angular resolution of 0.2 arc seconds, what is the size of the smallest objects that the MRO can detect on the Martian surface? Use the equation: S =x × d / 206265 arcseconds / radian , where S is the true size of the object, d is the distance from the detector to the object, and x is the angular size of the object. Your answer will be in km (you can ignore the radians unit (it should appear, but the equation made a simplifying assumption that dropped it out.arrow_forward
- The HST cost about $1.7 billion for construction and $300 million for its shuttle launch, and it costs $250 million per year to operate. If the telescope lasts for 20 years, what is the total cost per year? Per day? If the telescope can be used just 30% of the time for actual observations, what is the cost per hour and per minute for the astronomer’s observing time on this instrument? What is the cost per person in the United States? Was your investment in the Hubble Space telescope worth it?arrow_forwardTheoretically (that is, if seeing were not an issue), the resolution of a telescope is inversely proportional to its diameter. How much better is the resolution of the ALMA when operating at its longest baseline than the resolution of the Arecibo telescope?arrow_forwardIn broad daylight, the size of your pupil is typically 3 mm. In dark situations, it expands to about 7 mm. How much more light can it gather?arrow_forward
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