Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: An explanation to mutation in LDH which replaces Arg109 with Gln and shows 5% of pyruvate binding and 0.07% wild-type enzyme activity.
Introduction:
Mutation in an organism is defined as a permanent alteration of “
(b)
To determine: The reason why it is a surprising effect when the mutant form of LDH in which Arg171 is replaced with Lys shows only 0.05% of the wild –type level of substrate level binding.
Introduction:
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins. It is an organic compound that contains an
(c)
To explain: The effect of substituting Arg171with Lys.
Introduction:
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins. It is an organic compound that contains an amine group and carboxyl group along with a functional R group. It is involved in the regulation of several cellular processes of the body.
(d)
To explain: The reason why the mutant form of LDH in which Ile250 is replaced by Gln shows reduced binding of NADH.
Introduction:
Lactate dehydrogenase is a type of enzyme which is found in all living organisms including plants, animals and other prokaryotes. It is involved in the conversion of lactate into pyruvic acid in a cell.
(e)
To sketch: The active site of mutant LDH with oxaloacetate bound.
Introduction:
Lactate dehydrogenase is a type of enzyme which is found in all living organisms including plants, animals and other prokaryotes. It is involved in the conversion of lactate into pyruvic acid in a cell.
(f)
To determine: The use of oxaloacetate by mutant enzyme as a substrate instead of pyruvate.
Introduction:
Oxaloacetate is an organic compound and is an intermediate of citric acid cycle which reacts with acetyl-CoA to form citrate. The enzyme involved in this conversion is citrate synthase.
(g)
To explain: The statement that substituting a larger amino acid in the active site allowed a larger substrate to bind.
Introduction:
Amino acids are building blocks of proteins. It is an organic compound that contains an amine group and carboxyl group along with a functional R group. It is involved in the regulation of several cellular processes of the body.
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