Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 58.5, Problem 1CC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason why an ecologist may think of walking the coastline of Glacier Bay as the equivalent of walking back in time.
Introduction: The retreat of the Alaskan glaciers gradually is an example of succession. Succession refers to the gradual change in the composition of species diversity of a species in a particular area. It is a continuous process.
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Secondary succession is always the result of anthropogenic factors.
True or False?
Probably the best local example of primary ecological succession, and the place where Henry Cowles made his observations that led to his definition of succession, can be found at: Question 15 options:
- Kettle Moraine State Forest, WI
- Busse Woods Forest Preserve, IL
- Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie, IL
- Warren Woods State Park, MI
- Indiana Dunes National Park, IN
Which is an example of secondary succession?
Mark only one oval.
A) Beach grasses colonize a newly formed sand dune.
B) Retreating glaciers leave alluvial soils for cottonwood trees to colonize.
C) A shift in river flow introduces sediment to a rocky area.
D) A farmer allows an agricultural field to return to native grassland.
An old pine tree in someone's front yard is beginning to die as the
neighborhood deciduous trees have grown in abundance and size. Based on the
ideas of the concept of succession, why might this be?
Mark only one oval.
A) Deciduous trees have depleted the soil of nutrients.
B) The pine tree is shade intolerant.
C) The pine tree has depleted the soil of nutrients.
D) Deciduous trees are shade intolerant.
E) Salt water most likely has intruded the area
The number of species within a community is usually greatest when which of the
following occurs?
Mark only one oval.
A) no disturbance occurs.
B) a low frequency of disturbance occurs.
C) an intermediate frequency of…
Chapter 58 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 58.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 58.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 58.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 58.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 58.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 58.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 58.6 - Inhibition implies that competition exists between...Ch. 58.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 58.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 58.6 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 58.6 - Prob. 1EQCh. 58.6 - Prob. 2EQCh. 58.6 - CoreSKILL What did the researchers conclude about...Ch. 58 - Prob. 1TYCh. 58 - Prob. 2TYCh. 58 - Prob. 3TYCh. 58 - Prob. 4TYCh. 58 - The process of primary succession occurs a. around...Ch. 58 - Prob. 5TYCh. 58 - Prob. 6TYCh. 58 - Prob. 8TYCh. 58 - Prob. 9TYCh. 58 - Prob. 10TYCh. 58 - Prob. 1CQCh. 58 - Prob. 2CQCh. 58 - Core Concept: Systems In the nutrient-poor...Ch. 58 - Prob. 1COQCh. 58 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Which is an example of secondary succession? Mark only one oval. A) Beach grasses colonize a newly formed sand dune. B) Retreating glaciers leave alluvial soils for cottonwood trees to colonize. C) A shift in river flow introduces sediment to a rocky area. D) A farmer allows an agricultural field to return to native grassland. An old pine tree in someone's front yard is beginning to die as the neighborhood deciduous trees have grown in abundance and size. Based on the ideas of the concept of succession, why might this be? one! Mark only one oval. A) Deciduous trees have depleted the soil of nutrients. B) The pine tree is shade intolerant. C) The pine tree has depleted the soil of nutrients. D) Deciduous trees are shade intolerant. E) Salt water most likely has intruded the area The number of species within a community is usually greatest when which of the following occurs? Mark only one oval. A) no disturbance occurs. OB) a low frequency of disturbance occurs. C) an intermediate…arrow_forwardGeneral Patterns Found Across All Biomes Disturbance is important in determining the set of species found in an area. Naturally, broadleaf trees will replace longleaf pine trees, changing the forest from coniferous to deciduous. However, fire removes the broadleaf species, maintaining the coniferous forest. Before agriculture, the southeastern United States was dominated by longleaf pine, but now broadleaf trees are found where the great coniferous forests once grew. From this change in forest species, what do you know has happened to the frequency of fire in the southeastern United States? There are more forest fires in the southern United States now then there were in the past. There are fewer forest fires in the southern United States now then there were in the past.arrow_forwardThe Tumucumaque National Park ecosystem is located in the Brazilian states of Amapá and Pará in South America. The biotic (physical) aspects of our Tumucumaque Mountains National Park ecosystem are? Important biotic factors that shape the Tumucumaque Mountains National Park environment are?arrow_forward
- Enlarge Image Tundra Taiga A biome is large regional area of similar communities characterized by a dominant plant type and vegetative structure. Traditionally, biomes have been used to describe large geographical regions such as deserts, grasslands, forests, and tundras. The tundra occurs between the taiga and the permanently frozen polar regions while the taiga zone occupies a wide belt between the tundra and the temperate forests on the American and Eurasian continents. The plant and animal populations vary in these two biomes. Q Search 1) Review the images of the two biomes, the tundra and the taiga. Notice that while there are about 1,700 kinds of plants there are virtually no tree species in the tundra. What are the limiting factors in preventing the immigration of tree species into the tundra? All BUT ONE could apply. A) rocky, poor soil B) C) very short growing season the presence of permafrost D) winters are six months long 2) The taiga is the most extensive biome, stretching…arrow_forwardPond successionA: Emergent plant life grows at the edges where sunlight permeates.B: Sediment begins to accumulate as plants decay.C: Emergent plants grow inwards, sediment accretes. D: Emergent and terrestrial plants fill the pond throughout.E: Sediment fully fills the pond, terrestrial plants take over .F: Trees grow and the pond becomes the forest. Scene A Scene B Scene C Scene D Scene E Scene Farrow_forwardState the adaptations in the following biomes. a) Ocean biome b) Tropical rainforest biome c) Grassland biomearrow_forward
- For each of the following disturbances, select either "primary succession" or "secondary succession". A wildfire rages across an old growth forest, killing all plants except those with fire [ Choose ] resistant root structures. A flood covers a field in approximately 2 m of water which persists for 3 days. [ Choose ] A huge storm causes a landslide that covers a [ Choose ] field of wildflowers in a thick layer of stinky bacteria-laden mud A volcano eruption produces lava that [ Choose ] completely covers the surrounding slopes several feet thick. A farmer releases his cattle into a previously [ Choose ] untouched field to graze to their hearts' content. A receding glacier uncovers a new [ Choose ] rockface which is devoid of soil and vegetation. > > >arrow_forwardThe shrinking of the glacier at Glacier Bay, Alaska, has been well documented since the late 1700s. The western side of the glacier has shrunk approximately 100 km in the last 200 years. If the glacier continues to shrink at the same rate, how will the uncovered land surface MOST likely appear after 10 years? There will be no change in the appearance of the land. The land will be covered with tall forests. The land will be covered with thick soil and deep-rooted grasses. There will be mosses, lichens, and small plants growing on the land.arrow_forwardAltered biogeochemical cycles combined with climate change increase the vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water quality to a changing climate. a)How to control human activities to not increase the carbon dioxides level in the atmosphere and nitrogen levels in the biosphere ?arrow_forward
- 9:33 Which stage of succession has the strongest interspecific competition? First stage of succession Which stage of succession has primarily niche pre-emption competition? Climax stage Xarrow_forwardDescribe the process of primary succession. How does it differ from secondary succession? Give an example of each.arrow_forwardThe following age and volume data are for a stand of trees Age(yrs) Volume (cubic units) 10 8 20 20 30 38 40 59 50 77 60 92 70 101 How would you estimate the best biological rotation age? If there is a difference between optimal biologic rotation and economic rotation age, explain why. Where does the growth rate peak?arrow_forward
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