Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 54, Problem 2U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Behavior in an animal can develop from previous experiences through learning. In associative learning, a behavior is modified or conditioned through the associations between stimuli and its response. There are two types of associative learning: classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
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Which of these is most consistent with the same-object advantage?
a. faster reaction times occur when a target is located within the same object that is receiving the participant’s attention, even if the participant is looking at another place within the object.
b. faster reaction times occur when a target is located within the same object that is receiving the participant’s attention, except when the participant is looking at another place within the object.
c. slower reaction times occur when a target is located within the same object that is receiving the participant’s attention, even if the participant is looking at another place within the object.
d. slower reaction times occur when a target is located within the same object that is receiving the participant’s attention, except when the participant is looking at another place within the object.
Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation?
A. flamingo's feathers turn pink after eating crustaceans.
B. A snowshoe hare turns white in the winter.
C. A robin builds a nest out of sticks and dry grass.
D. A Komodo dragon has a poisonous bite.
Which statement about fixed action patterns is false?
a.
They are all behaviors.
b.
They are under control of the nervous system.
c.
They require learning.
d.
They can be quite elaborate.
Chapter 54 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 54 - Prob. 1UCh. 54 - Prob. 2UCh. 54 - The study of song development in sparrows showed...Ch. 54 - Prob. 4UCh. 54 - Prob. 5UCh. 54 - Prob. 6UCh. 54 - Prob. 7UCh. 54 - The elaborate tail feathers of a male peacock...Ch. 54 - Prob. 9UCh. 54 - In the haplodiploidy system of sex determination,...
Ch. 54 - Prob. 11UCh. 54 - Prob. 12UCh. 54 - Prob. 1ACh. 54 - Refer to figure 54.25. Six pairs of birds were...Ch. 54 - Refer to figure 54.27. Peahens prefer to mate with...Ch. 54 - Prob. 4ACh. 54 - Prob. 1SCh. 54 - Behavioral genetics has made great advances from...Ch. 54 - If a female bird chooses to live in the territory...
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- Although the trains that rumble through your town once bothered you,now you barely even hear them. This example illustratesa. habituation.b. associative learning.c. a reflex.d. imprintingarrow_forwardTraining a dog to perform tricks using verbal commands and treats is an example ofa. nonassociative learning.b. operant conditioning.c. classical conditioning.d. imprinting.arrow_forwardA genetically inherited, complex pattern of behavior that always appears among members of a particular speciesunder appropriate environmental conditions is a(n)a. reflex.b. instinct.c. drive.d. needarrow_forward
- Why did Thompson conclude that eyeblink conditioning depends on the lateral interpositus nucleus, instead of the red nucleus?A. Inactivating the red nucleus failed to suppress responses.B. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, and after the rabbit recovered, it had to learn the same as a rabbit that had never been trained.C. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses to some stimuli but not others.D. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, but did not prevent learning.arrow_forwardIn a controlled experiment , seagull chicks to peck at a red stick over a cardboard model of an adult seagull's beak a. reflexs b. super stimulus c. chainning d. inhibitionarrow_forwardWith______ , the consequences of a voluntary behavior cause an animal to repeat or avoid that behavior. a. instinct c. classical conditioning b. imprinting d. operant conditioningarrow_forward
- What do studies of patients with posterior parietal damage tell us about its role in action control? a. Action control is mostly acquired through imitation and awareness b. Action control relies on linking body state and position with object size and position c. Action control is mainly about movement execution d. Action control is flexible and stereotyped after extensive learningarrow_forwardAn enriched environment including social interactions promotes growth of axons and dendrites in laboratory rodents. What else can produce the same effect?A. Improved dietB. Physical activityC. Exposure to musicD. Extra sleeparrow_forwardBobby agreed to be hypnotized during a comedy routine. While hypnotized, he stood on his chair and crowed like a rooster. Later, when his friends asked why he did this, Bobby replied that he didn’t know, it must have been because he was hypnotized. What theory best explains his behavior? a. the hidden observer theory of hypnosis b. the social-cognitive explanation of hypnosis c. the biological theory of hypnosis d. the behavioral theory of hypnosisarrow_forward
- Classify each of the following descriptions as either a proximate or anultimate cause of behavior. For all proximate causes, speculate about apossible ultimate cause of the behavior. a. A surge of epinephrine initiates a flight response in a gazelle.b. Turtles use Earth’s magnetic field lines as guides during migration.c. A small mammal ignores low-energy food sources that are difficultto obtain, maximizing energy gain from foraging.d. A bird distracts a predator near its nest, increasing the nestlings’chance of survival.arrow_forwardConventional signals are not costly because they often entail slight visible variations in only a small portion of the body, but they can be rendered honest through social reinforcement. Which example best demonstrates this case? A. Birds with large throat patches with poor fighting ability are attacked more often by dominant birds. B. Aggressive wasps with facial patterns indicating their fighting ability are less likely to be attacked. C. A dominant lion is able to evict younger chalengers from the pride. D. Female chimps will not mate with a male defeated in combat.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not describe a function of aggressive animal behavior? A. Aggressive behavior leads to fights that allow strong animals kill off weaker members of the species. B. Aggressive behavior is displayed to establish hierarchy without violence. C. Aggressive behavior is displayed to establish territorial boundaries. D. Aggressive behavior is displayed to determine who is allowed to mate.arrow_forward
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