Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 53, Problem 53.2CR
Suppose one population has an r that is twice as large as the r of another population. What is the maximum size that both populations will reach over time, based on the exponential model?
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Suppose that you are interested in estimating a population mean. You select a random sample of items, and compute the sample mean and the sample standard deviation.
You then compute a 95% confidence interval to be LCL=28.4 - UCL=37.9.
So what does that mean?
It means that you are 95% confident that the unknown population mean that you are estimating is between the LCL and UCL.
So what does that mean?
It means that if you were to iterate this sampling process many times, say 100, and calculate 100 confidence intervals, then 95 of those intervals will contain the unknown population mean, and 5 will not.
Give me an example of how CI can be used in your work.
FYI I work in Endocrinology dept. Specific diabetes
Recall that for an exponentially changing population
N = Noet
And the doubling time is how long it takes for the population to double in size. If you have a
population with r =0.046 , what is the doubling time?
Suppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below:
Genotype
% Surviving to adulthood
Expected offspring
GG
90%
11
Gg
80%
15
gg
50%
28
Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference in relative finesses of the heterozygote, Gg, genotype, and the least-fit genotype. If there are 311 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 4,659, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? (Give your answer up to four decimal places).
Chapter 53 Solutions
Campbell Biology
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- Suppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below: Genotype Percent surviving to adulthood Expected offspring GG 90% 11 Gg 80% 15 g8 50% 28 Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference between the relative fitness values for the heterozygote (Gg) genotype and the genotype with the lowest fitness. (That is, s WG Wiowest ) If there are 410 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 1,177, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? Note that this asking for an overall size of change - you should report a value greater than 0. Compute your…arrow_forwardSuppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below: Genotype Percent surviving to adulthood Expected offspring GG 90% 11 Gg 80% 15 gg 50% 28 Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference in relative fitnesses of the heterozygote, Gg, genotype and the least-fit genotype. If there are 311 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 4,659, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? (Note that this asking for an overall size of change – you should report a value greater than 0. Compute your answer up to four decimal places.)arrow_forwardWhat factors in a population would mean that the Hardy-Weinberg principle does not apply?arrow_forward
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- In a given population on a distant planet, there are 20 red, 25 orange, and 15 yellow creatures. Use Hardy-Weinberg equations and a chi square analysis to determine whether or not this population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Show all work. Be sure to state a null hypothesis and explain your conclusion.arrow_forwardA hypothetical population of 10,000 humans has 6840 individuals with the blood type AA, 2860 individuals with blood type AB and 300 individuals with the blood type BB. If the next generation contained 25,000 individuals, how may individuals would have BB blood type, assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Express as a whole number.arrow_forwardWhich of the following variables from the concept of Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium would you need to calculate for in order to figure out the frequency of the population of carriers in a region? P^2 Q^2 P*Q None of the abovearrow_forward
- Consider a population of wildflowers, some with yellow flowers and some with red flowers. In this species, flower color is determined by a single gene – plants with the RR genotype have red flowers, while plants with the Rr or rr genotypes have yellow flowers. Suppose that the population is 863 plants altogether, and 369 are red. (The rest are yellow.) If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how many of the plants would you expect to be carrying two copies of the r allele (i.e., how many should be rr homozygotes)?arrow_forwardUse the provided x2 table below to determine whether this population is in HWE at the M locus (c) What is the P value that corresponds to this Chi-square (X2) value? (d) is the population in HWE? (e) Mention 3 reasons why most populations are not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.arrow_forwardWhy is the Hardy Weinberg principle often violated in real populations? Justify your answers with different examples.arrow_forward
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