Concept explainers
Introduction: Hemorrhage refers to the loss of blood from the circulatory system caused by the damage in the blood vessels. Various homeostasis mechanisms of the body help in the restoration of blood pressure following a hemorrhage.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: The respiratory system helps to increase the return of the blood from veins to the heart. Hence, the correct answer is option b.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
The respiratory system helps in increasing the alveolar volume. It results in the faster oxygenation of blood. The increase in the breathing rate also helps in the faster exchange of oxygen and increase the return of oxygenated blood by pulmonary vein to the heart by pulmonary vein. Hence, the respiratory system manages homeostasis by increasing the flow of oxygenated blood to the heart.
Option b is given as “by helping to increase the return of blood from veins to the heart”.
The respiratory system helps in maintaining blood pressure after a hemorrhage by increasing the amount of blood transfer through veins towards the heart. Hence, the correct answer is option b.
Reasons for the incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “by increasing the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen”.
The oxygen saturation does not increase by the respiratory system, but it is dependent on the external factors like temperature or pressure change. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “by increasing the heart rate”.
The increase in the heart rate is independent of the respiratory system. The heart rate depends upon various factors, like blood pressure, for increase or decrease of heart rate. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option d is given as, “by activating the baroreceptor reflex”.
The baroreceptor reflex is activated due to change in the blood pressure. This reflex is not affected by the respiratory system. Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as, “through the Bohr effect”.
Bohr Effect is the effect of the presence of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion on the value of the oxygen dissociation curve. However, the respiratory system does not influence the oxygen dissociation curve. The oxygen dissociation curve depends upon the temperature, pressure, and other factors. Hence, option e. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., c., d., and e. are incorrect.
The respiratory system helps to increase the amount of blood to the heart by increasing pulmonary respiration.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 53 Solutions
BROOKER BIOLOGY
- Why is it necessary to stimulate papillary muscles in the ventricle slightly earlier than the rest of the ventricular wall myocardium? a. to assure rapid conduction speed of the action potential b. to pull on AV valve cusps to prevent backflow c. to assure blood will surge toward the semilunar valves d. to assure coordinated contraction of the ventricular myocardiumarrow_forwardWhich of these statements does NOT correctly describe hypercapnia? a. It is observed in pulmonary diseases. b. It may be caused by hypoventilation. c. It occurs when CO2 in the blood is ventilated to the atmosphere at a rate faster than it is being produced by the tissues. d. It refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood.arrow_forwardAfter a person hyperventilates (such as by holding their breath), what can be detected on a molecular level? a. decrease in oxygen is detected by both central and peripheral chemoreceptors b. increase in oxygen is detected by both central and peripheral chemoreceptors c. increase in carbon dioxide is detected by both central and peripheral chemoreceptors d. decrease in carbon dioxide is detected by both central and peripheral chemoreceptorsarrow_forward
- What is responsible for the first heart sound (lub)? A. Contraction of the atria. B. Contraction of the ventricles C. Closing of the atrioventricular valves D. Closing of the semilunar valvesarrow_forwardAt point A, note that mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) is slightly lowered despite the large fall in cardiac output (CO). a. Why is CO decreased in response to hemorrhage? b. How is blood pressure maintained so well despite the fall in CO? c. What are the afferent receptors (sensors) responsible for this relatively well-maintained blood pressure at point A? d. What changes in stimuli for these receptors may be contributing to the response at point A? e. What efferent mechanisms mediate the increase in total peripheral resistance (TPR)?arrow_forwardDuring speech the circumference of the chest wall increases and decreases as it moves air in and out of the lungs. Which statement best describes the air pressure and direction of air flow as the chest wall circumference increases? Group of answer choices A. Air pressure inside the lungs decreases, so atmospheric air is pushed into the lungs B. Air pressure inside the lungs increases, so atmospheric air is pushed into the lungs C. Air pressure inside the lungs decreases, so atmospheric air is pushed out of the lungs D. Air pressure inside the lungs increases, so atmospheric air is pushed inside the lungsarrow_forward
- which of the following would not be a characteristic of respiratory responses to parasympathetic dominance? a. brochiodialation b. increased bronchial tone c. decreased breathing depth d. reduced breathing ratearrow_forwardWhat is true about carotid arteries? a. Carotid arteries carry oxygenated blood to the brain b. Carotid arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the brain c. Carotid arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the brain d. Carotid arteries deoxygenated blood away from the brainarrow_forwardSA node is the main pacemaker of the heart. Why is the normal heart rate lower than the intrinsic firing rate of the SA node? A. sympathetic inputs from the hypothalamus are slowing it down B. parasympathetic inputs from medulla oblongata are slowing it down C. there is inertia in heart muscle as it takes time for impulse to spread through all the cells D. centrifugal inputs from the AV node are slowing it downarrow_forward
- Why do people who stay at higher altitude have higher RBC count?a. To permit adequate oxygen delivery to tissuesb. Because the lungs have poor capillary networkc. Because of the decrease in the number of alveolid. To improve the stamina and endurancearrow_forwardIn terms of being open or closed, what is the state of the mitral and tricuspid valve (left and right atrioventricular valves respectively) at the end of the first heart sound? a. Mitral is closed, Tricuspid is open b. Mitral is open, Tricuspid is closed c. Both are closed d. Both are openarrow_forwardAfter a person hypoventilates (such as by holding their breath), what can be detected on a molecular level? A. Increase in carbon dioxide is detected by both central and peripheral chemoreceptors. B. Decrease in oxygen is detected by both ventral and peripheral chemoreceptors. C. Decrease in carbon dioxide is detected by both central and peripheral chemoreceptors.arrow_forward
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education