Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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If only one half of the flora in the world existed in 2110 (perhaps due to deforestation), what do you predict the atmospheric carbon level would be ? How would you change the simulation to reflect this?
What is the relationship between increased carbon in the ocean and increased carbon in the soil? How else might carbon be transferred to soil?
Using the data generated by the simulation, determine the mathematical relationship between the percentage increase in fossil fuel consumption and the increase in atmospheric carbon. Is the relationship linear?
What is meant by the term fossil fuel?
a.
In order to obtain energy from these fuels, a technique known as fossilization must be used.
b.
The fuel was formed from ancient plant and animal life, representations of which are sometimes
found as fossil imprints.
C.
The fuel itself must be taken from older rock samples that frequently contain embedded fossil
remains.
7.
Life originated from the earth’s inorganic atmosphere in the post, but this no longer happens today. Give two reasons?
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- Cyanobacteria was responsible for the increase in oxygen levels billions of years ago. They play a decisive role in changing the earth’s environment. Explain how are Cyanobacteria related in changing the early earth’s environment which later suitable for the development of other organisms.arrow_forwardAround the time Eukaryotic Cells began to compartmentalize their reactions, and the chloroplast and mitochondria evolved, the atmosphere went through a shift in composition. A new deadly gas became more and more prominent, which likely caused a mass extinction for those organisms that couldn't adapt to its toxicity. The gas was: Nitrogen Sulfuric Acid Oxygen Methanearrow_forwardplease explain A drawback of the time hypothesis to explain the variation in species richness is that 1. Cannot account for algal diversity. 2. Fossils do not preserve well in the oceans. 3. Geological activity may interfere with species richness measurements. 4. It is not applicable to marine ecosystems because there was no glaciation in oceans. 5. Humans significantly modified marine environments.arrow_forward
- The oxygen revolution changed Earth’s environmentdramatically. Which of the following took advantage of thepresence of free oxygen in the oceans and atmosphere?(A) the evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen tohelp harvest energy from organic molecules(B) the persistence of some animal groups in anaerobichabitats(C) the evolution of photosynthetic pigments that protectedearly algae from the corrosive effects of oxygen(D) the evolution of chloroplasts after early protists incorporated photosynthetic cyanobacteriaarrow_forwardVascular plants sequestered large amounts of CO2 through photosynthesis when they first expanded across terrestrial environments, leading to a glaciation. Evaluate the claim that a similar glaciation event occurred when the first plants colonized land. Be sure to consider whether or not photosynthesis by these new species alone could cause a glaciation.arrow_forwardWhy does the burning of fossils fuel have such a drastic impact on the atmospheric carbon reservoirarrow_forward
- In the 1970s, the Black Forest of Germany experienced a period when the number of trees dying in the forest increased substantially in a relatively short period of time. In addition, fish began to die in some of the lakes in the region. What could have caused these deaths to occur simultaneously in two very different habitats?arrow_forwardWhat is thought to be the correct sequence of the following events during the Carboniferous period? 1. vascular plants become more prevalent 2. megaphylls with large surface areas become more prevalent 3. atmospheric CO2 levels decline by a factor of five 4. global cooling occurs, leading to widespread glaciations 2, 1, 3, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 2, 1, 4, 3 1, 2, 4, 3 3, 4, 1, 2arrow_forwardPlant life first appeared on land during which of the following periods? a. Cambrian period b. Ordovician period c. Silurian period d. Devonian periodarrow_forward
- Geologic changes often accompany mass extinction of life forms. Why do you think this is true?arrow_forwardWhy was it believed that life began in the seas and not in land or air? * Land and air were inhospitable places for life during the Hadean Eon. Land and air were inhospitable places for life during the Archean Eon. Land and air were inhospitable places for life during the Phanerozoic Eon. Land and air were inhospitable places for life during the Proterozoic Eon.arrow_forward(A) What is extinction? How extinction is different from expiration? Explain. (B)List the five mass extinction episodes occurred in the history of Earth. Characterize the nature and extent of each extinction episode.arrow_forward
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