Understanding Basic Statistics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337558075
Author: Charles Henry Brase, Corrinne Pellillo Brase
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5.2, Problem 29P
Survey: Lung/Hear t In an article titled "Diagnostic Accuracy of Fever as a Measure of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications” (Heart Lung. Vol.
10, No. 1. p. 61), J. Roberts and colleagues discuss using a fever of
| Condition Present |
Condition Absent |
Row Total | |
| Test Result + | 72 | 37 | 109 |
| Test Result | 82 | 79 | 161 |
| Column Total | 154 | 116 | 270 |
For the meaning of + and -, see Problem 30. Complete parts (a) through (f) from Problem 30.
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“Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke.
Based on your hypothesis tests and confidence intervals, what do you conclude about the effects of second hand smoke? Why?
“Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke.
1. Construct a confidence interval estimate of the difference betwen the mean continen levels fo the two groups of nonsmokers. What confidence level would be appropriate?
2. Find the margin of error E using the formula.
3. What is the confidence interval? Explain the meaning of the confidence interal and what the limit represents.
Before/After Treatment Results Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,” by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that Captopril is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Understanding Basic Statistics
Ch. 5.1 - Statistical Literacy List three methods of...Ch. 5.1 - Statistical Literacy Suppose a weather app says...Ch. 5.1 - Statistical Literacy What is the probability of...Ch. 5.1 - Statistical Literacy What is the law of large...Ch. 5.1 - Interpretation A Harris Poll indicated that of...Ch. 5.1 - Interpretation According to a recent Harris Poll...Ch. 5.1 - Basic Computation: Probability as Relative...Ch. 5.1 - Basic Computation: Probability of Equally Likely...Ch. 5.1 - Interpretation An investment opportunity boasts...Ch. 5.1 - Interpretation A sample space consists of 4 simple...
Ch. 5.1 - Critical Thinking Consider a family with three...Ch. 5.1 - Critical Thinking Consider the experiment of...Ch. 5.1 - Critical Thinking On a single toss of a fair coin,...Ch. 5.1 - Critical Thinking (a) Explain why -0.41 cannot be...Ch. 5.1 - Myers-Briggs: Personality Types Isabel Briggs...Ch. 5.1 - General: Roll a Die (a) If you roll a single fair...Ch. 5.1 - Psychology: Creativity When do creative people get...Ch. 5.1 - Agriculture: Cotton A botanist has developed a new...Ch. 5.1 - Expand Your Knowledge: Odds in Favor Sometimes...Ch. 5.1 - Expand Your Knowledge: Odds Against Betting odds...Ch. 5.1 - Business: Customers John runs a computer software...Ch. 5.2 - Statistical Literacy If two events are mutually...Ch. 5.2 - Statistical Literacy If two events A and B are...Ch. 5.2 - Basic Computation: Addition Rule Given P(A)=0.3...Ch. 5.2 - Basic Computation: Addition Rule Given P(A)=0.7...Ch. 5.2 - Basic Computation: Multiplication Rule Given...Ch. 5.2 - Basic Computation: Multiplication Rule Given...Ch. 5.2 - Basic Computation: Rules of Probability Given...Ch. 5.2 - Basic Computation: Rules of Probability Given...Ch. 5.2 - Critical Thinking Lisa is making up questions for...Ch. 5.2 - Critical Thinking Greg made up another question...Ch. 5.2 - Critical Thinking Suppose two events A and B are...Ch. 5.2 - Critical Thinking Suppose two events A and B are...Ch. 5.2 - Critical Thinking Consider the following events...Ch. 5.2 - Critical Thinking Consider the following events...Ch. 5.2 - General: Candy Colors MM plain candies come in...Ch. 5.2 - Environmental: Land Formations Arches National...Ch. 5.2 - General: Roll Two Dice You roll two fair dice, a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Roll Two Dice You roll two fair dice, a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Roll Two Dice You roll two fair dice, a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Roll Two Dice You roll two fair dice, a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Deck of Cards You draw two cards from a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Deck of Cards You draw two cards from a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Deck of Cards You draw two cards from a...Ch. 5.2 - General: Deck of Cards You draw two cards from a...Ch. 5.2 - Marketing: ToysUSA Today gave the information...Ch. 5.2 - Health Care: Flu Based on data from the...Ch. 5.2 - Focus Problem: Lie Detector Test In this problem,...Ch. 5.2 - Survey: Medical Tests Diagnostic tests of medical...Ch. 5.2 - Survey: Lung/Hear t In an article titled...Ch. 5.2 - Survey: Customer Loyalty Are customers more loyal...Ch. 5.2 - Survey: Sales Approach In a sales effectiveness...Ch. 5.3 - Statistical Literacy What is the main difference...Ch. 5.3 - Statistical Literacy Consider a series of events....Ch. 5.3 - Critical Thinking For each of the following...Ch. 5.3 - Critical Thinking You need to know the number of...Ch. 5.3 - TreeDiagram (a) Draw a tree diagram to display all...Ch. 5.3 - TreeDiagram (a) Draw a tree diagram to display all...Ch. 5.3 - Tree Diagram There are six balls in an urn. They...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 8PCh. 5.3 - Multiplication Rule for Counting Four wires (red,...Ch. 5.3 - Multiplication Rule for Counting A sales...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Agriculture Barbara is a research...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Outcomes You toss a pair of dice. (a)...Ch. 5.3 - Compute P5,2.Ch. 5.3 - Compute P8,3.Ch. 5.3 - Compute P7,7.Ch. 5.3 - Compute P9,9.Ch. 5.3 - Compute C5,2.Ch. 5.3 - Compute C8,3.Ch. 5.3 - Compute C7,7.Ch. 5.3 - Compute C8,8.Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Hiring There are three nursing positions...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Lottery In the Cash Now lottery game...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Sports The University of Montana ski...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Sales During the Computer Daze special...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Hiring There are 15 qualified applicants...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Grading One professor grades homework by...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Hiring The qualified applicant pool for...Ch. 5.3 - Counting: Powerball The Viewpoint of this section,...Ch. 5 - Terminology Consider the following terms: sample...Ch. 5 - Terminology Consider the following situations:...Ch. 5 - Terminology Can two events that mutually exclusive...Ch. 5 - Terminology Consider two counting rules:...Ch. 5 - StatisticalLiteracy Consider the following two...Ch. 5 - Statistical Literacy If two events A and B are...Ch. 5 - Statistical Literacy If two events A and B are...Ch. 5 - Interpretation You are considering two facial...Ch. 5 - Interpretation You are applying for two jobs, and...Ch. 5 - Critical Thinking You are given the information...Ch. 5 - Critical Thinking You are given the information...Ch. 5 - Critical Thinking For a class activity, your group...Ch. 5 - Salary Raise: Women Does it pay to ask for a...Ch. 5 - Salary Raise: Men According to the same survey...Ch. 5 - General: Thumbtack Drop a thumbtack and observe...Ch. 5 - Survey: Reaction to Poison Ivy Allergic reactions...Ch. 5 - General: Two Dice In a game of craps, you roll two...Ch. 5 - Academic: Passing French Class records at Rockwood...Ch. 5 - Combination: City Council There is money to send...Ch. 5 - Basic Computation Compute....Ch. 5 - Counting: Exam Answers There are five...Ch. 5 - Scheduling: College Courses A student must satisfy...Ch. 5 - General: Combination Lock To open a combination...Ch. 5 - General: Combination Lock You have a combination...
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- i Required information The article "The Lubrication of Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Joints: A Slide Down the Stribeck Curve" (S. Smith, D. Dowson and A. Goldsmith, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2001:483-493) presents results from wear tests done on metal artificial hip joints. Joints with several different diameters were tested. The data presented in the following table on head roughness are consistent with the means and standard deviations reported in the article. Diameter Head Roughness (mm) 16 0.83 2.25 (mm) 0.20 2.78 3.93 28 2.72 2.48 3.80 36 5.99 5.32 4.59 Use the Fisher LSD method to find a 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means for a diameter of 16 and diameter of 36. (Round the final answer to three decimal places.) The 95% confidence interval is ( 0 Searcharrow_forwardproduction of urc acid in the body can be an indication of cell breakdown. This may be an advance indication of illness such as gout, leukemia, or lymphoma over the period of thirteen months The mean concentrations was X = 5.33 mg/dI. The distribution of uric acid in healthy adult males can be assumed to be normal, with a =1.75 mg/di.arrow_forwardMagnet Treatment of Pain Researchers conducted a study to determine whether magnets are effective in treating back pain, with results given below (based on data from “Bipolar Permanent Magnets for the Treatment of Chronic Lower Back Pain: A Pilot Study,” by Collacott, Zimmerman, White, and Rindone, Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 283, No. 10). The values represent measurements of pain using the visual analog scale. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that those given a sham treatment (similar to a placebo) have pain reductions that vary more than the pain reductions for those treated with magnets.arrow_forward
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