Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188138
Author: Peter H Raven, George B Johnson Professor, Kenneth A. Mason Dr. Ph.D., Jonathan Losos Dr., Susan Singer
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 50, Problem 4U
An important function of the excretory system is to eliminate excess nitrogen produced by
a. Frog
c. Iguana
b. Freshwater fish
d. Camel
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following correctly lists the three forms of nitrogenous waste in order from least to most toxic?
A.
uric acid, ammonia, urea
B.
urea, uric acid, ammonia
C.
uric acid, urea, ammonia
D.
urea, ammonia, uric acid
E.
ammonia, urea, uric acid
Urea...
A. Is the least expensive nitrogen end-product to produce
B. Is the least toxic nitrogen end-product
C. Is excreted by diffusion across the body surface or gill of aquatic animals
D. Provides the greatest water savings (in terms of excretion of nitrogen waste products)
E. None of the above
Choose which of the following substances would be too large to be filtered from the blood into the nephron.
a. Urea
b. Simple sugars
c. Proteins
d. Blood cells
e. Amino acids
f. Electrolytes such as salts
Chapter 50 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 50 - Which of the following is NOT an ion...Ch. 50 - Prob. 2UCh. 50 - A sharks blood is isotonic to the surrounding...Ch. 50 - An important function of the excretory system is...Ch. 50 - Which of the following is a function of the...Ch. 50 - Humans excrete their excess nitrogenous wastes as...Ch. 50 - An osmoregulator would maintain its internal...Ch. 50 - Prob. 1ACh. 50 - A viral infection that specifically interferes...Ch. 50 - Diuretics are drugs that can be used to treat high...
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- Why is ammonia not used as a nitrogenous waste compound in terrestrial animals? a)Ammonia is highly toxic, and to minimize that toxicity it must be excreted in large volumes of water. b)Urea and uric acid both have more nitrogen atoms than ammonia, making them more efficient at c)Ammonia is used by reptiles and birds, because it is less toxic to developing embryos than urea. d)Ammonia has more free energy than urea, so ammonia waste is converted to urea to capture some of that free energy.arrow_forwardThe bodily fluids of freshwater fish contain higher concentration of dissolved solids in their surroundings, so they tend to bloat (take in water) or lose electrolytes. How can freshwater fish avoid this? 1.) By drinking lots of water? 2.) By actively transporting ions out from the gills into the water? 3.) by excreting highly concentrated urine? 4.) by resorbing ions in nephronsarrow_forwardWhich of the following excretory organs does not employ ultrafiltration? A. The Malpighian tubules of insects B. The antennal gland of crustaceans C. The flame cells of flatworms D. The vertebrate kidney E. All of A, B, C and D employ ultrafiltrationarrow_forward
- Which of the following causes the kidney to conserve/retain sodium? a. aldosterone b. vasopressin c. oxytocin d. corticosterone Which of the following class of chemicals exerts its effects by entering cells, binding intracellular receptors, and affecting gene expression? a. Peptides b. Steroids c. Bioactive amines d. Amino acidsarrow_forward1 Uric acid is a waste product used by birds and insects because: a. It is very light. b. It is metabolically cheap to produce. c. It does not require a kidney for its production. d. It makes a coloured pigment for the bird or insect. e. It can easily be converted into useful products like feathers. 2 The nephridia of an earthworm differs from the human nephron in that the nephridia: a. Has no reabsorption of salts. b. Has no reabsorption of water. c. Does not filter the blood. d. Selectively pumps ammonia into the nephridia. e. Is excreting ammonia instead of urea. 3 Oxygen dissociation in your blood: a. Is the release of oxygen to the tissues. b. Occurs in the lungs. c. Is the ionisation of oxygen in water (blood plasma). d. Is controlled by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. e. Allows oxygen to attach to the haemoglobin. 4 Veins require valves, while arteries do not, because: a. The veins keep branching and the valves control which branch is open. b. Veins have blood that is…arrow_forwardBirds that live in marine environments and thus lack access to fresh drinking water A)obtain water by eating only osmoregulating prey. B)osmoregulate without using a transport epithelium for this purpose. C)drink seawater and secrete excess ions through their kidneys only. D)drink seawater and secrete excess ions mainly through their nasal salt glands. E)have plasma that is isoosmotic to ocean water.arrow_forward
- Many caffeinated beverages such as coffee, tea, and cola drinks have diuretic effects on the body. Why do caffeinated beverages increase the volume of urine? Select one: a. Caffeine increases ADH, which increases the reabsorption of water in the kidneys. b. Caffeine inhibits ADH, which reduces the reabsorption of water in the kidneys. c. Caffeine increases ADH, which reduces the reabsorption of water in the kidneys. d. Caffeine inhibits ADH, which increases the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.arrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between glucose and sodium ion transport in renal tubules? Select one: a. Rheogenic symport b. Antiport c. Electrogenic antiport d. Symportarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a component of filtrate but not normally a component of urine? a. water b. erythrocytes c. nitrogenous waste d. glucosearrow_forward
- The presence of a full bladder triggers the bladder to contract. As a little urine is released, this causes more contractions, which will completely empty the bladder. This is an example of: a. homeostatic regulation b. uroregulation c. negative feedbackd. positive feedback e. reverse feedbackarrow_forwardYou are studying renal function in different species of mammals that are found in very different environments. You look at species from a desert environment and compare them with ones from a tropical environment. The desert species would be expected to havea. shorter loops of Henle than the tropical species.b. longer loops of Henle than the tropical species.c. shorter proximal convoluted tubules than the tropical species.d. longer distal convoluted tubules than the tropical species.arrow_forwardWhich of the following could cause an INCREASE in the concentrations of ions found in the blood? 1. The glomerulus (Bowman's capsule) filters more substances than it's supposed to 2. The nephron reduces the amount of substances allowed to leave 3. More water is reabsorbed in the urinary system than usual 4. The organism dramatically decreases the amount of water consumedarrow_forward
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