Chapter 5, Problem 5C.15E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The type of deviation (positive, negative or no deviation) expected for the mixture of methanol and ethanol has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Positive deviation from Raoult’s law is seen when the observed vapor pressure is greater than expected vapor pressure and it occurs when the A-B attractions are weaker than the average of the attractions in the pure components of the mixture.

Negative deviation from Raoult’s law occurs when the intermolecular forces between the dissimilar molecules are stronger than the average of the intermolecular forces in the pure substances.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The type of deviation (positive, negative or no deviation) expected for the mixture of hydrogen fluoride and water has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The type of deviation (positive, negative or no deviation) expected for the mixture of hexane $\left({\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{14}}\right)$ and water has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).