Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399944
Author: Michael A. Seeds
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 3RQ
To determine
The law which will describe the Aristotelean violent motion best.
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"As the legend tells, Isaac Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation after an apple fell on his head. What happened with this great apple after it bounced off Newton's head?" People who visited a certain website were asked this question. Of 257 people who answered this question during the last month, 30% replied that Newton ate the apple.
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If 30% of 257 people replied that Newton ate the apple, the margin of error is?
Which of the following statements cannot be supported by Kepler's laws of planetary motion?
a The distance of a planet around the sun changes throughout its orbit.
b The speed a planet is moving around the sun changes throughout the year.
c The orbital period of Mercury can be calculated using the orbital period of Jupiter and the average distances of both planets.
d The age of the four largest planets can be determined using the age of the four smallest planets and the average distances of each planet.
The mass of Mars is 6.42 × 10^23 kg. Its moon Phobos is 9.378 x 10^6 meters away from Mars, with a mass of 1.06 × 10^16 kg and a period of 7.66 hours. It's moon Deimos has a mass of 1.4762×10^15 kg and a period of 30.3 hours. a) Use Kepler's 3rd law to determine the orbital distance between Mars and Deimos? b) What is the tangential velocity of Phobos, using the formula v(tangential) = sqrt (G x m(central)/ r)? c) What is the gravitational force of attraction between Mars and Phobos.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1RQCh. 5 - Prob. 2RQCh. 5 - Prob. 3RQCh. 5 - Prob. 4RQCh. 5 - Prob. 5RQCh. 5 - Prob. 6RQCh. 5 - Prob. 7RQCh. 5 - Prob. 8RQCh. 5 - Prob. 9RQCh. 5 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 5 - Prob. 11RQCh. 5 - Prob. 12RQCh. 5 - Prob. 13RQCh. 5 - Prob. 14RQCh. 5 - Prob. 15RQCh. 5 - Prob. 16RQCh. 5 - Prob. 17RQCh. 5 - Prob. 18RQCh. 5 - Prob. 19RQCh. 5 - Prob. 20RQCh. 5 - Prob. 21RQCh. 5 - Prob. 22RQCh. 5 - Prob. 23RQCh. 5 - Prob. 24RQCh. 5 - Prob. 25RQCh. 5 - Prob. 26RQCh. 5 - Prob. 27RQCh. 5 - Prob. 28RQCh. 5 - Prob. 29RQCh. 5 - Prob. 30RQCh. 5 - Prob. 31RQCh. 5 - Prob. 32RQCh. 5 - Prob. 33RQCh. 5 - Why is the period of an open orbit undefined?
Ch. 5 - Prob. 35RQCh. 5 - Prob. 36RQCh. 5 - Prob. 37RQCh. 5 - Prob. 38RQCh. 5 - Prob. 39RQCh. 5 - Prob. 40RQCh. 5 - Prob. 41RQCh. 5 - Prob. 42RQCh. 5 - An astronomy textbook is to be dropped from a tall...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2PCh. 5 - Prob. 3PCh. 5 - Prob. 4PCh. 5 - Prob. 5PCh. 5 - Prob. 6PCh. 5 - Prob. 7PCh. 5 - Prob. 8PCh. 5 - Prob. 9PCh. 5 - Describe the shape of the orbit followed by the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11PCh. 5 - Prob. 12PCh. 5 - Prob. 13PCh. 5 - Prob. 14PCh. 5 - A moon of Jupiter takes 1.8 days to orbit at a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1SPCh. 5 - Prob. 2SPCh. 5 - Prob. 1LLCh. 5 - Prob. 2LLCh. 5 - Prob. 3LL
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- The mass of Mars is 6.42 × 10^23 kg. Its moon Phobos is 9.378 x 10^6 meters away from Mars, with a mass of 1.06 × 10^16 kg and a period of 7.66 hours. It's moon Deimos has a mass of 1.4762x10^15 kg and a period of 30.3 hours. a) Use Kepler's 3rd law to determine the orbital distance between Mars and Deimos? b) What is the tangential velocity of Phobos, using the formula v (tangential) = sqrt (G x m(central)/ r)? c) What is the gravitational force of attraction between Mars and Phobos.arrow_forwardAre Kepler’s laws purely descriptive, or do they contain causal information? Why?arrow_forwardThe table below illustrates data on Kepler's 3rd Law for the first six planets. Use it to estimate the orbital period of Asteroid Baade which has a semi-major axis of 2.55 AU | P (years) p2 a3 a (AU) Mercury 0.24 0.058 0.058 0.39 Venus 0.62 0.38 0.38 0.72 Earth 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Mars 1.88 3.54 3.54 1.52 Jupiter 11.9 141 141 5.20 Saturn 29.5 868 868 9.54 A. 0.77 years B. 4.07 years C. 19.2 years D. 1.67 years Е. 50.2 yearsarrow_forward
- Galileo is often credited with the early discovery of four of Jupiters many moons.The moons orbiting Jupiter follow te same laws of motion as the planets orbiting the sun.One of the moons is called Io - its distance from Jupiter's center is 4.2 units and it orbits Jupiter in 1.8 Earth-days.Another moon is caled Ganymede;it is 10.7 units from Jupiters center. Make a prediction of the period of Ganymede using Keplers law of periods.arrow_forwardWhat is Kepler's first law of planetary motion? The period of a planet's orbit is proportional to its distance from the sun. Planets have circular orbits. Planets have elliptical orbits. The eccentricity of a planet's orbit is proportional to its distance from the sun.arrow_forwardDescribe three propositions, now known as Kepler’s laws of planetary motion?arrow_forward
- 1) Give the following numbers to four significant figures in scientific notation: a) 0.0056542b) 93 842 773c) 0.000000100092d) 0.0095435 2) Repeat part (1), but this time give the numbers to two significant figures. 3) The radial acceleration, a, of a body rotating in a circle of radius r at constant speed v is given by ? =v2/rIf v = (3.00±0.05) m/s and r = (1.5±0.1) m, a) calculate a,b) the maximum values of a, c) minimum values of a, d) the uncertainty in a. 4) Linearize the following equations (rearranged in the form y = mx + c): a) ? = ?? , where F is the dependent variable, N is the independent variable and µ is the constant. b) ? = 2?√(?⁄?) where T is the dependent variable, l is the independent variable and g is the constant.i) What would you plot in order to obtain a straight line)? (Answer for a) and b)ii) How are the slope and intercept related to the constants in the equation? (Answer for a) and b)arrow_forwardAt some point during their orbit, the location of the Earth and Moon relative to the Sun will be as shown in the figure below, with the Moon at the origin of the coordinate system, r. = (-3.84 x 10°j) m and r. = (-1.50 x 1011f) m. The mass of the Moon is 7.35 x 1022 kg, the Earth has a mass 5.97 x 1024 kg, and the Sun has a mass 2.00 x 1030 kg. What is the force experienced by the Moon due to the Sun and the Earth? Express your answer in vector form. netarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is supported by Kepler's laws of planetary motion? Earth orbits the Sun at a constant speed, never speeding up or slowing down. Earth's orbit is a perfect circle, with the Sun located at the center of the circle. Earth orbits the Sun at a slightly faster speed every year. Earth has an elliptical orbit, with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.arrow_forward
- Are Kepler’s laws purely descriptive, or do they contain causal information?arrow_forwardState the mathematical statement of third kepler's law.arrow_forwardThe mean distance of Mars from the Sun is 1.52 times that of Earth from the Sun. From Kepler’s law of periods, calculate the number of years required for Mars to make one revolution around the Sun; compare your answer with the value given in Appendix C.arrow_forward
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