EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY WI
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319360689
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 5, Problem 2MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Kinetic energy is an active form of energy.
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How is ATP produced in chloroplasts?
Select one:
a.
When a photon hits an ADP molecule, it is kicked to a higher energy level, so it can combine with P to form ATP
b.
an enzyme transfers the P group from a substrate to ADP, forming ATP
c.
water is split into protons, electrons and oxygen.
d.
When a photon hits a chlorophyll molecule, the energy is transformed into heat
e.
an electron transport chain creates a proton gradient over a membrane. ATP is made when these protons move passively through a large protein complex embedded in the membrane.
Light is needed for photosynthesis, because it
A. Provides energy, which is converted to chemical energy
b. Provides, heat energy, which is converted to chemical energy
c. Directly causes ATP production
d. Brings water into the chloroplast
e. Drives many enzymatic reactions
Plants are less susceptible to cyanide poisoning than animals because
A. Plant ETC membranes are deficient in transporter proteins for the cyanide ion.
B. The plant ETC has an alternative route for the reduction of oxygen that involves the “alternative oxidase” enzyme.
C. Plants can rely on photosynthesis alone to generate proton gradients that are used to power secondary metabolic pathways.
D. Plants utilize a pentose phosphate pathway to generate energy.
Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY WI
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- In the light reactions of photosynthesis, electrons within the pigment molecules that are embedded in the plasma membranes of the thylakoids are hit by photons of sunlight. This dramatically increases the energy in these electrons. When photons of light strike electrons in other kinds of molecules, the electrons are raised to high energy levels, but immediately drop back down to their ground states, re-emitting the photons. However, in the light reactions, an excited electron is passed to an electron acceptor molecule before it can drop back down to its ground state. The excited electron is then passed from the primary electron receptor to the electron transport chain and eventually ends up as part of a glucose molecule. If the pigments in the thylakoid are continually passing their electrons to other molecules, how do the pigments replace their missing electrons? To replace the missing electrons, an enzyme removes the two hydrogen atoms from a water molecule.…arrow_forwardWhich of the following options best explains how less chlorophyll would affect the proces of photosynthesis in plants? 6. A. It would increase the rate of photosynthesis because of the increased production of food. B. It would limit the amount water plants are able to take in, resulting in a slower rate of photosynthesis. C. It would increase the production of oxygen because the plant would need to work hard to feed themselves. С. D. It would limit the amount of light absorbed by the plant and decrease the amount of food the plant is able to produce for itself.arrow_forwardPart 2: Matching Match each compound to a step that of the Light-Dependent Reaction. f. electron acceptor g. electron carrier h. chlorophyll II. i. NADPH reductase j. b,- f complex a. P700 b. Р680 C. P680 d. ATP synthase e. Photosystem I | 51. Light photons excite electrons from this part of the Reaction Centre. 52. Also known as Photosystem II. 53. Reduced by electrons removed from H,O through photolysis. 54. Uses energy released by redox reaction to pump H' ions into the thylakoid space. 55. Photons excite electrons that leave and are then replaced by electrons used to pump H° ions into thylakoid space. 56. This complex has the Reaction Centre used for cyclic photophosphorylation. 57. Protein that is embedded in the thylakoid membrane. 58. The enzyme that helps remove electrons from the thylakoid. 59. The enzyme that acts to form ATP with chemiosmosis.arrow_forward
- Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Wavelength (nm) Plant chlorophyll chemicals will absorb, or take in, light wove energy in order to produce their own molecules used for cellular energy, Reflected light refers to thase wavelengths of light that will "bou of the chlorophyll and not be obsorbed. A scientist runs an experiment in which only light waves measuring between 490 and 600 nm are hitting the that would explain what would happen based upon the data in the chart. Chlorophyll a would absorb high amounts of light energy, but chloroplyll b would be absorbing low a Neither chlorophyl a nor b would be absorbing very much, if any light energy Chlorophyl b would absorb high amounts of light energy, but chlorophyll a would be absorbing lowa Both chlorophyl a and b would be absorbing high amounts of light. Absorptionarrow_forwardPhotosynthesis A. is the only energy-generating pathway for plants, cyanobacteria, and algae. B. consist two stages: light-dependent stage which fix CO₂, light-independent stage which generate glucose. C. can capture and convert energy from light to chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. D. oxidize organic carbon molecule to CO₂, while reduce water to oxygen.arrow_forward1. During the light dependent reaction, the molecules within the membrane absorb light energy 2. high energy compounds light dependent portion of photosynthesis 3. an electron which is released by a process called and are produced in the in the thylakoid enters where it is energized and used to convert energy. 4. protons travel through located in the thylakoid membrane in a high energy compound. a process known as 5. The three stages of the light independent reaction are to produce and 6. The most abundant protein on earth is 7. You would need molecules of RuBp in order to create 1 molecule of glucosearrow_forward
- 14arrow_forwardPlant and animal cells break down organic molecules by cellular respiration in the.. and most of the energy is used to regenerate .. ***. a. mitochondria ----- ATP O b. mitochondria ----- heat C. chloroplast. Heat d. mitochondria. AMP ......... O e.chloroplast. ATP Next pag Previous actiarrow_forwardWhich of the following are the products of the light reactions of photosynthesis. A. Glucose B. Water C. ATP D.NADP E. Light energy F. NADPH G. Carbon dioxide H. Oxygenarrow_forward
- Identify which of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a. Even if plants have red leaves, they still perform photosynthesis. b. Photosynthesis is vital in plants to produce food and energy they need for growth and cellular respiration. Therefore, all plants need the same amount of sunlight to make enough food to grow. c. Aside from chlorophyll α and chlorophyll b in plants, plants also have carotenoids, which help plants absorb light energy for use in photosynthesis.arrow_forwardYou are a marine biologist sampling an offshore ecosystem. One day, you find a red organism floating in one of your nets. It has structures that resemble the leaves and stems of a plant. You hypothesize that this organism might be photosynthetic. Describe how you could test this hypothesis using a pH indicator solution. a. In detail, describe the steps you would take and the reactants of photosynthesis required. b. What change in pH would indicate that the organism was undergoing photosynthesis, and how would the indicator respond?arrow_forwardThe main purpose of the light-independent reactions is to ________. a. convert solar energy to chemical energy b. convert solar energy to ATP for short-term energy use c. build carbohydrates for long-term energy storagearrow_forward
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