Microbiology: An Introduction
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321929150
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 1CAE
Haemophilus influenzae requires hemin (X factor) to synthesize cytochromes and NAD· (V factor) from other cells. For what does it use these two growth factors? What diseases does H. influenzae cause?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
You inoculate two test tubes with the same amount of identical growth medium and with the same number of
identical yeast cells and grow these cells under identical conditions except for the presence or absence of
oxygen.
b) The cells of both cultures convert glucose to pyruvate via glycolysis, and then further metabolize pyruvate.
Are the cells of both cultures able to obtain the same amount of ATP from glycolysis? Explain.
Under anaerobic conditions, the carbon from pyruvate will ultimately be found in which molecule?
Under aerobic conditions, the carbon from pyruvate will ultimately be found in which molecule?
Besides the final product, what other important difference is there between the fermentation pathways of E. coli? Or, in other words, for what purpose does the cell activate the fermentative pathways when there is lack of oxygen?
Name the components of the hexose-monophosphate pathway that detoxify peroxide and the process that accomplishes detoxification.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1RCh. 5 - DRAW ITUsing the diagrams below, show each of the...Ch. 5 - DRAW IT An enzyme and substrate are combined. The...Ch. 5 - Define oxidation-reduction, and differentiate the...Ch. 5 - There are three mechanisms for the phosphorylation...Ch. 5 - All of the energy-producing biochemical reactions...Ch. 5 - Fill in the following table with the carbon source...Ch. 5 - Write your own definition of the chemiosmotic...Ch. 5 - Why must NADH be reoxidized? How does this happen...Ch. 5 - NAME IT What nutritional type is a colorless...
Ch. 5 - Which substance in the following reaction is being...Ch. 5 - Which of the following reactions produces the most...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 5 - Which of the following compounds has the greatest...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 5 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 5 - Which culture produces the most lactic acid? Use...Ch. 5 - Which culture produces the most ATP? Use the...Ch. 5 - Which culture uses NAD+? Use the following choices...Ch. 5 - Which culture uses the most glucose? Use the...Ch. 5 - Explain why, even under ideal conditions,...Ch. 5 - The following graph shows the normal rate of...Ch. 5 - Compare and contrast carbohydrate catabolism and...Ch. 5 - How much ATP could be obtained from the complete...Ch. 5 - The chemoautotroph Acidithiobacillus can obtain...Ch. 5 - Haemophilus influenzae requires hemin (X factor)...Ch. 5 - The drug Hivid, also called ddC, inhibits DNA...Ch. 5 - The bacterial enzyme streptokinase is used to...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Gregor Mendel never saw a gene, yet he concluded that some inherited factors were responsible for the patterns ...
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Whether two metal foil leaves an electroscope get opposite charge when the electroscope is charged.
Physics of Everyday Phenomena
To test your knowledge, discuss the following topics with a study partner or in writing ideally from memory. Th...
HUMAN ANATOMY
Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
On what molecule does the anticodon appear? Explain the role of this molecule in protein synthesis.
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
An obese 55-year-old woman consults her physician about minor chest pains during exercise. Explain the physicia...
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- About the process of industrial production of ethanol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mark the correct alternatives: (a) the cells must be cultured in anaerobic conditions to activate the metabolic pathway of ethanol production (b). the presence of oxygen is required to allow regeneration of the NAD+ cofactor (c). good oxygenation of the medium is important to favor the formation of greater amounts of ATP (d).the production of ethanol is always accompanied by the formation of glycerol (e). the sugar present in the culture medium is completely oxidized to CO2 and waterarrow_forwardAre there any specific enzymes Mycobacterium tuberculosis has for identification (examples include catalase, decarboxylase, dehydrogenase and any other identifying enzyme pathways for Mycobacterium tuberculosis If yes, name them. If no, explain further.arrow_forwardSydney Brenner isolated Salmonella typhimurium mutants that were implicated in the biosynthesis of tryptophan and would not grow on minimal medium. When these bacterial mutants were tested on minimal medium to which one of four compounds (indole glycerol phosphate, indole, anthranilic acid, and tryptophan) had been added, the growth responses shown in the following table were obtained. Mutant Minimal medium Anthranilic Indole glycerol acid Indole Tryptoph phosphate trp-1 trp-2 trp-3 trp-4 trp-6 trp-7 trp-8 trp-9 trp-10 trp-11 - Give the order of indole glycerol phosphate, indole, anthranilic acid, and tryptophan in a biochemical pathway leading to the synthesis of tryptophan. Indicate which step in the pathway is affected by each of the mutations. + 1 + 1 IIarrow_forward
- Archae are the source of many enzymes used for biocatalysis in diverse industries such as food and feed, pharmaceuticals, detergent, and beverage industries. These enzymes have unique structural and functional properties that enable use under extreme conditions. Use: https://biolres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40659-018-0186-3 for supplemental info What are three classes of extremophiles and their unique growth characteristics? Based on these characteristics, where are they typically found? The functional properties are linked to protein structural characteristics that imparts unique functional properties. For alkaliphiles and thermophiles, what structural elements (or characteristics) within the enzyme structure create these unique properties? See Table 2. Briefly discuss how the unique properties of these enzymes may be beneficial to the design of bioseparation processes. To recover intracellular enzymes, the Archae need to be lysed. Based on their structures,…arrow_forwardHoney bees have a well characterized gut microbiome. One of the species identified carries a gene for a protein called acetate:succinate CoA-transferase (ASCT) which catalyzes the reaction : acetate + Succinyl-CoA acetylCoA and succinate. What step in the TCA cycle is bypassed by this enzyme? How does that affect the yield of NTPs in the TCA cycle? What is the advantage of having this enzyme? Under what conditions would it be useful Would this enzyme allow the bacteria to synthesize glucose from 2 carbon precursors?arrow_forwardExamine the graph shown below of a liquid culture growth curve for S. pneumoniaegrowing in minimal broth containing both glucose and lactose in equal concentrations as a potential carbon source. Answer the following questions: a) Name the growth phases labelled as I, II and III, explain the observed pattern of growth at each of these stages in the curve b) Where would the concentration of cAMP be low and why? c) In what phase would β-galactosidase be high and why? d) What kind of overall growth pattern does this curve illustrate?arrow_forward
- Single celled organisms that grow in irregular masses and include molds mildews and yeasts? How does an abundance of tryptophan inhibit the production of more tryptophan?arrow_forwardThe activity of the enzyme beta-galactosidase can be measured by X-gal in the growth media. Explain why X-gal turns blue when metabolized by beta-galactosidase.arrow_forwardThe pathway for cystiene synthesis in E.coli involves five precursor compounds, compound A-E. The requirements for each of the autotrophs are summarized in the table below. Use the data, define the biosynthetic pathway. Draw the pathway for cysteine synthesis. Fill in the blanks with A-E compounds as appropriate and then label the arrows with the auxotrophs C1-C8 that are unable to complete that step. There are may be more than one quxotroph that is defective at a particular step. that is - on C4 in Darrow_forward
- Name the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate.arrow_forwardIn a P450 cycle, as shown in figure, ferrodoxin and ferrodoxin reductase are needed to form Fe (III) to Fe (III)-OOH. But why the peroxide shunt are also able to complete this process independent of Fd system (ferrodoxin and ferrodoxin reductase...)?arrow_forwardIn aerobic respiration, cells generate heat as they grow. The amount of heat generated by cells is proportional to the amount of oxygen they consume. Accordingly, it was found that 460 kJ is generated per gmol of O2 consumed. Suppose that you need to choose a fermenter for optimal growth of Bacillus subtilis cells. It is known that the maximum oxygen demand of B. subtilis is 100 mol m3 h1. A vendor offers you a reactor with a cylindrical shape (2.8 m in diameter) and 15 m³ volume. The reactor includes a cooling coil with 30 m length and a pipe diameter of 6 cm, through which. For practical purposes, power input by the rotating impeller inside the bioreactor can be neglected. Does this reactor meet the cooling requirements of your production process? Note: If you think you need more information than you are provided with here to solve this problem, use online resources to find the required information. In this case, please state your source clearly. Note: You may assume that the…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Metabolic Pathways; Author: Wisc-Online;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m61bQYio9ys;License: Standard Youtube License