Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 5, Problem 16Q
To determine
The surface temperature of the brightest stars in the given image and the region of the
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Astronomers use two basis properties of stars to classify them. These two properties are luminosity and surface temperature. Luminosity usually refers to the brightness of the star relative to the brightness of our sun. Astronomers will often use a star’s color to measure its temperature. Stars with low temperatures produce a reddish light while stars with high temperatures shine with a brilliant blue—white light. Surface temperatures of stars range from 3000o C to 50,000o C. When these surface temperatures are plotted against luminosity, the stars fall into groups. Using the data similar to what you will plot in this activity, Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung and United States astronomer Henry Norris Russell independently arrived at similar results in what is now commonly referred to as the HR Diagram.
Procedures:1. Read the Background Information
2. On the graph paper provided. Place a number next to the star according to its luminosity and surface temperature listed in the data…
Imagine that you are observing a star and you find the wavelength of peak emission for the star to be 400 nm. What would the wavelength of peak emission be for a new star that has a surface temperature that is a quarter of the original star?
Using the same pair of stars from the first question, how does the luminosity (the energy output) of each star compare if we assume that both stars are the same size? (Please provide a specific factor or proportion)
What type of radiation/light (from the electromagnetic spectrum) is each star emitting?
Now imagine that we determine that the wavelength of peak emission of the original star was determined to be bluer than it should be based on other observations. Would this indicate that the star is moving towards us or away from us relatively speaking through space? (Hint: think of the Doppler effect)
Tutorial
Star A has a temperature of 5,000 K and Star B has a temperature of 6,000 K. At what wavelengths (in nm) will each of these star's intensity be at its maximum?
If the temperatures of the stars increase, the wavelength of maximum intensity.
What is the temperature (in K) of a star that appears most intense at a wavelength of 829 nm?
Part 1 of 4
Wien's Law tells us how the temperature of a star determines the wavelength of maximum intensity or at what wavelength the star appears brightest.
2.90 x 106
TK
If the temperature is in kelvin (K) then A is in nanometers (nm).
Anm
^A =
AB =
=
Part 2 of 4
To determine the wavelengths of maximum intensity for the two stars:
2.90 x 106
2.90 x 106
K
nm
nm
Chapter 5 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 5 - Prob. 5CCCh. 5 - Prob. 6CCCh. 5 - Prob. 7CCCh. 5 - Prob. 8CCCh. 5 - Prob. 9CCCh. 5 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 5 - Prob. 11CCCh. 5 - Prob. 12CCCh. 5 - Prob. 13CCCh. 5 - Prob. 14CCCh. 5 - Prob. 1CLCCh. 5 - Prob. 2CLCCh. 5 - Prob. 3CLCCh. 5 - Prob. 1QCh. 5 - Prob. 2QCh. 5 - Prob. 3QCh. 5 - Prob. 4QCh. 5 - Prob. 5QCh. 5 - Prob. 6QCh. 5 - Prob. 7QCh. 5 - Prob. 8QCh. 5 - Prob. 9QCh. 5 - Prob. 10QCh. 5 - Prob. 11QCh. 5 - Prob. 12QCh. 5 - Prob. 13QCh. 5 - Prob. 14QCh. 5 - Prob. 15QCh. 5 - Prob. 16QCh. 5 - Prob. 17QCh. 5 - Prob. 18QCh. 5 - Prob. 19QCh. 5 - Prob. 20QCh. 5 - Prob. 21QCh. 5 - Prob. 22QCh. 5 - Prob. 23QCh. 5 - Prob. 24QCh. 5 - Prob. 25QCh. 5 - Prob. 26QCh. 5 - Prob. 27QCh. 5 - Prob. 28QCh. 5 - Prob. 29QCh. 5 - Prob. 30QCh. 5 - Prob. 31QCh. 5 - Prob. 32QCh. 5 - Prob. 33QCh. 5 - Prob. 34QCh. 5 - Prob. 35QCh. 5 - Prob. 36QCh. 5 - Prob. 37QCh. 5 - Prob. 38QCh. 5 - Prob. 39QCh. 5 - Prob. 40QCh. 5 - Prob. 41QCh. 5 - Prob. 42QCh. 5 - Prob. 43QCh. 5 - Prob. 44QCh. 5 - Prob. 45QCh. 5 - Prob. 46QCh. 5 - Prob. 47QCh. 5 - Prob. 48QCh. 5 - Prob. 49QCh. 5 - Prob. 50QCh. 5 - Prob. 51Q
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- As a star runs out of hydrogen to fuel nuclear fusion in its core, changes within the star usually cause it to leave the main sequence, expanding and cooling as it does so. Would a star with a radius 6 times that of the Sun, but a surface temperature 0.4 times that of the Sun, be more, or less luminous than the Sun? Show and explain your reasoning. You may assume the surface area of a sphere is A = 4πr2.arrow_forwardIn the graph below, the yellow region shows the AM 1.5 solar spectrum. The area indicated by the blue area represents the AM 1.0 spectrum. The boundaries of the AM 1.0 spectrum; When λ = between 250nm and 1000nm Pλ = 1x109Wm^(-2) m^(-1) When λ = between 1000nm and 2000nm Pλ = 0.25x109W m^(-2) m^(-1) In that case; a-) Find the radiation intensity (I) and photon flux () for AM 1.0. b-) If the radiation intensity in the option a comes to the silicon solar cell with a band gap of 1.12eV, how much will the photo-current be produced?arrow_forwardThe spectrum of a typical star shows absorption lines at different wavelengths than their laboratory values. If the observed wavelength is greater than its laboratory value of 656.3 nm, one can conclude that ... A. The separation between Earth and the star is decreasing. B. The separation between Earth and the star is increasing. O C. The separation between Earth and the star is unchanging D. No conclusion is possible.arrow_forward
- Imagine that you are observing a star and you find the wavelength of peak emission for the star to be 500 nm. What would the wavelength of peak emission be for a new star that has a surface temperature that is a third of the original star?arrow_forwardHelp me pleasearrow_forwardSuppose you are given the task of measuring the colors of the brightest stars, listed in Appendix J, through three filters: the first transmits blue light, the second transmits yellow light, and the third transmits red light. If you observe the star Vega, it will appear equally bright through each of the three filters. Which stars will appear brighter through the blue filter than through the red filter? Which stars will appear brighter through the red filter? Which star is likely to have colors most nearly like those of Vega?arrow_forward
- Our Sun, a type G star, has a surface temperature of 5800 K. We know, therefore, that it is cooler than a type O star and hotter than a type M star. Given what you learned about the temperature ranges of these types of stars, how many times hotter than our Sun is the hottest type O star? How many times cooler than our Sun is the coolest type M star?arrow_forwardProxima Centauri, the star that’s closest to Earth (besides the Sun) is a red dwarf star. It’s peak wavelength is approximately 969 nm. What is its surface temperature? What is its total flux?arrow_forwardYou have taken the spectrum of a star with a peak wavelength at 389 nm. You have determined the radius of the star to be 3.3 solar radii. What is the star’s luminosity, in solar units?arrow_forward
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